КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ КРИТИКИ И НЕОДОБРЕНИЯ В СВЕТЕ ТЕОРИИ НЕВЕЖЛИВОСТИ

The research under discussion is carried out in People’s Ukrainian Academy under the scientific guidance of Professor Tarasova O. V. Its results have been publicized in the PUA annual bulletin «Vcheni zapiski Kharkivs’kogo gumanitarnogo universitetu». The objective of the research is to identify communicative strategies of expressing criticism and disapproval in the modern English discourse. The research views and defines discourse as a «language in action», present in a stream of speech regulated by tactics and strategies of speakers and affected by a complex system of cognitive, linguistic and non-linguistic factors. As means of discourse analysis principles of pragmatics, such as Grice’s Cooperative Principle of and the Theory of Politeness, are suggested. The definition of a communicative strategy given in the paper is based on the Speech Acts theory which says that speech is a kind of action meant to achieve communicative intentions of the speaker by means of the language rationally selected by the communicant. As criticism, as well as disapproval, is expression of negative attitude to objects, actions or situations in a whole, the paper reviews and classifies explicit and implicit negative value judgements. Selection of appropriate means conveying poor evaluation is considered crucial for a speaker due to high probability of confrontation which may be caused by criticism and disapproval. Defining criticism and disapproval as belonging to a confrontational discourse, the research uses Culpepper’s Impoliteness model to classify communicative strategies employed to express criticism and disapproval. Strategies of disapproval «bald on-record», strategies threatening individual’s «positive face», strategies threatening individual’s «negative face», sarcasm and «off-record» strategies are identified in the paper. A strategy of «friendly impoliteness» is suggested to complement the classification.