Ascandra crewsi , Van Soest & De Voogd 2015
Description
Ascandra cf. crewsi Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015
(Fig 2; Table 2)
Synonym. Ascandra crewsi, Van Soest & De Voogd 2015: 36.
Material examined: UFRJPOR 6462 = MNHN-IP- 2018-33 — Tairineneva, Raiatea, Society Islands, station SR02 (16° 45.326’ S– 151° 29.827’ W), depth: 15 m, coll. C. Debitus, 12/VIII/2009, P53. UFRJPOR 6463 = MNHN- IP- 2018-34, UFRJPOR 6464 = MNHN-IP- 2018-35 — Tahiti, Society Islands, station ST22 (17° 32.485’ S– 149° 35.205’ W), depth: 14 m, coll. C. Debitus, 29/ V /2009, P23. UFRJPOR 8916 = MNHN-IP- 2018-57 — Tahiti, Society Islands, station ST27 (17°46.642’ S– 149°24.236’ W), coll. S. Petek, 13/IV/2013, depth: 30 m, P485. UFRJPOR 8917 = MNHN-IP- 2018-58 — Tahiti, Society Islands, station ST29 (17°53.052’ S– 149°11.411’ W), coll. S. Petek, 14/IV/2013, depth: 20 m, P507. UFRJPOR 8920 = MNHN-IP- 2018-61 — Tahiti, Society Islands, station ST59 (17°47.343’S– 149°27.229’W), coll. C. Debitus, 13/IV/2013, depth: 15 m.
Colour. White alive and white or light brown in ethanol (Fig 2A).
Morphology and anatomy. Cormus delicate, formed by large, irregular, loosely anastomosed and ramified tubes with one or several oscula at the end of larger tubes (water-collecting tubes; Fig 2A). Aquiferous system asconoid. The skeleton is composed of two size categories of tetractines (Fig 2B), of which the larger is rare, and by small rare triactines.
Spicules (Table 2)
Tetractines I. Large. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) or sagittal. Actines are conical with sharp tips (Fig 2C). The sagittal spicules sometimes have curved paired actines. The apical actine is cylindrical, very long, sharp, smooth and frequently curved but straight apical actines are also present (Fig 2C). Size: 162.0–218.7/ 16.2–27.0 µm (basal), 75.0–150.0/ 5.0–15.0 µm (apical).
Tetractines II. Small. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) or sagittal. They are very similar to Tetractines I, but a little smaller and with thinner actines (Fig 2 D). Size: 110.7–178.2/ 10.8–16.2 µm (basal), 17.5–234.9/ 1.3–9.5 µm (apical).
Triactines. Rare, small. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) or sagittal. Actines are conical with sharp tips (Fig 2E). The sagittal spicules sometimes have curved paired actines. Size: 77.5–137.5/ 8.8–10.0 µm.
Ecology. This sponge was found in holes or below dead corals, in a slightly muddy environment.
Geographical distribution. Papua New Guinea (type locality; Van Soest & De Voogd 2015) and Society Islands (Raiatea and Tahiti—present work).
Remarks. Eleven species of Ascandra are currently known: Ascandra falcata Haeckel, 1872 from Lesina, Adriatic Sea (the type species of the genus); A. ascandroides (Borojević, 1971) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; A. atlantica (Thacker, 1908) from Cape Verde Islands; A. biscayae (Borojević & Boury-Esnault, 1987) from Bay of Biscay; A. brandtae (Rapp, Göcke, Tendal & Janussen, 2013) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica; A. contorta (Bowerbank, 1866) from the Mediterranean Sea; A. corallicola (Rapp, 2006) Trondheimsfjord, Norway; A. crewsi Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015 from Wahoo, Papua New Guinea; A. densa Haeckel, 1872 from South Australia; A. kakaban Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015 from Kalimantan, Indonesia; and A. minchini Borojević, 1966 from the Mediterranean Sea. Considering cormus and skeleton composition (triactines and two size categories of tetractines), the specimens from the French Polynesia are more similar to A. crewsi and A. kakaban. The latter, however, has the same proportion of triactines and tetractines, while A. crewsi has very few triactines, like our specimens. Therefore, although the spicules of the specimens from French Polynesia are a little larger and have tetractines with actines more conical than those of A. crewsi [A. crewsi —Triactines: 140.0˗150.0/ 10.0˗12.0 µm; Tetractines I: 159.0˗206.4˗246.0/ 15.0˗18.8˗21.0 µm (basal actines), 181.0˗226.3˗279.0/ 13.0˗15.3˗17.0 µm (apical actine); Triactines II: 54.0˗90.2˗117.0/ 7.0˗7.3˗8.0 µm (basal actines), 62.0˗95.8˗114.0/ 2.5˗3.1˗ 3.5 µm (apical actine)], we think they can be conspecific.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Leucaltidae
- Genus
- Ascandra
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Clathrinida
- Phylum
- Porifera
- Scientific name authorship
- , Van Soest & De Voogd
- Species
- crewsi
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Ascandra crewsi , 2015 sec. Klautau, Lopes, Guarabyra, Folcher, Ekins & Debitus, 2020
References
- Van Soest, R. W. N. & De Voogd, N. J. (2015) Calcareous sponges of Indonesia. Zootaxa, 3951 (1), 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3951.1.1
- Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie. G. Reimer, Berlin, 512 + 440 + 260 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323
- Borojevic, R. (1971) Eponges calcaires des cotes du Sud-Est du Bresil, epibiontes sur Laminaria brasiliensis et Sargassum cymosum. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 31, 525 - 530.
- Thacker, A. G. (1908) On collections of the Cape Verde Islands fauna made by Cyril Crossland, M. A. The Calcareous sponges. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 49, 757 - 782.
- Borojevic, R. & Boury-Esnault, N. (1987) Revision of the genus Leucilla Haeckel, 1872, with a re-description of the type species- Leucilla amphora Haeckel, 1872. In: Jones, W. C. (Ed.), European contributions to the taxonomy of sponges. Sherkin Island Marine Station, Sherkin Island, County Cork, pp. 29 - 40.
- Rapp, H. T., Gocke, C., Tendal, O. S. & Janussen, D. (2013) Two new species of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from the deep Antarctic Eckstrom Shelf and a revised list of species found in Antarctic waters. Zootaxa, 3692 (1), 149 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3692.1.9
- Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, xx + 388 pp. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 18176 # page / 7 / mode / 1 up (accessed 12 January 2020)
- Rapp, H. T. (2006). Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (northeast Atlantic) with the description of five new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 147 (3), 331 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2006.00221. x
- Borojevic, R. (1966). Eponges calcaires des cotes de France. II. Le genre Ascandra Haeckel emend. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 107 (2), 357 - 367.