Seismic data collected at the Tinguatón volcano (Lanzarote, Canary Islands) during the European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2018

This dataset contains the seismic data collected between 19 and 21 November 2018 at the Tinguatón volcanic region (Los Volcanes Natural Park, Geoparc of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Fig. 1), within the A1TRAP experiment which formed part of the Analog-1 geology and science support activity (Rossi et al., 2019). Analog 1 was part of a larger European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2018 (Bessone et al., 2018), aimed at integrating astronaut training-data collection, documentation, analogue field geology procedures with remote sensing and in situ geophysical methods. 

Single-station, free-field ambient seismic noise data were collected along two orthogonal profiles: Traverse A, crossing the Tinguatón volcano, and Traverse B passing alongside it (Fig. 1c). Traverse A is ESE-WNW oriented and aligned to the regional fault (as well as along the fissure vent inside the volcano crater), and consists of 12 stations (P1-P12), approximately 50 m apart, with a total profile length of 620 m. Traverse B is NNW-SSE oriented and orthogonal to the regional fault strike, and consists of 9 stations (P13-P20), approximately 50 m apart, with a total profile length of 390 m.

Data were collected using a Tromino® model ENGY digital tromograph (Micromed, 2011). This is an ultralight all-in-one device, using a compact 3-directional, 24-bit digital seismometer developed by MoHo s.r.l. (1 dm³ volume and 1 kg weight), including both sensors and the data acquisition system, and works at frequencies down to 0.3 Hz. This seismograph is equipped with three orthogonal electrodynamic sensors (velocimeters), powered by two 1.5 V AA batteries. It includes an internal Global Positioning System (GPS) antenna and does not have any external cables.

For all the measurements, the seismometer’s axis referred to as N-S was aligned to N15W direction, i.e., the strike of the western edge of the Tinguatón volcano, the area’s main topographic feature. Good ground coupling on scoria deposits or highly weathered basalt was obtained by using three, 6 cm-long metal spikes screwed into the base of the unit. The seismometer was levelled. Each seismic noise acquisition involved a 16-minute trace length with a 1024 Hz sampling rate, in accordance with the recommendations from SESAME Project (Bard et al., 2004).

Four MASW (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) active seismic surveys (A3_5, A7, A8_10, A18_19) were undertaken along the two profiles (Fig. 1c) to acquire the shear wave velocity of the shallow layer which was later to be used to constrain the H/V inversion. These surveys were carried out using the same equipment, along with a wireless trigger by MoHo s.r.l., and a heavy metal plate struck with a 5 kg hammer for the generation of compressional waves. A redundancy test, which involved ground energization by an ESA astronaut (Matthias Maurer) jumping up and down, was also performed (Fig. 1c). This test tried to mimic deployment and testing during possible future planetary missions. However, this test did not provide satisfactory results in term of signal clarity. The seismometer was kept fixed on the ground while shot points were moved at increasing distances involving a 5 m minimum offset and 1 m spacing for the first 11 shots and 5 m spacing for subsequent shots for total profile lengths ranging between 50 m and 100 m (Fig. 1c). Each MASW acquisition involved a 3 s trace window with a 512 Hz sampling rate.

The data are presented in ASCII format files. The recordings of each channel were saved all together in the same file. Information about each file was printed on the header of the same file.

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to ESA and all PANGAEA-X 2018 staff, particularly Loredana Bessone and Matthias Maurer for their participation in data collection during some of the experiments and to the MilesBeyond Team, particularly Francesco Maria Sauro for his logistical support. We also thank MoHo s.r.l., particularly Jeremy Magnon, for providing instrumental support.

References

Bessone, L., et al., 2018, Testing technologies and operational concepts for field geology exploration of the

     Moon and beyond: the ESA PANGAEA-X campaign, Geophysical Research Abstract, #EGU2018-4013.

Micromed, 2011. Dati tecnici Tromino e download pacchetto software Grilla. Available online from the

     website http://www.tromino.it.

Bard, P., Duval, A., Koehler, A., Rao, S., 2004, Guidelines for the Implementation of the H/V Spectral Ratio

     Technique on Ambient Vibrations Measurements, Processing and Interpretation. SESAME H/V User Guidelines., pp. 1–62. Available online: http://sesame.geopsy.org/SES_Reports.htm.

Rossi, A.P., et al., 2019, Morphometry and trafficability of planetary analogue terrains based on very high

     resolution remote sensing imagery, Geophysical Research Abstract, #EGU2019-17614.