HEART BIRTH DEFECTS IN INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHER (IDM)

Introduction: IDM babies are more prone to develop congenital anomalies and defects. Overall risk of development of congenital malformations increases by 2-12% compared to normal neonates. In Pakistan, the true prevalence of CHD is unknown.

Objective: To determine the frequency of congenital heart diseases in infants born to diabetic mothers (IDM),

Study Setting: Pediatric Ward, Emergency and OPD, Allied hospital, Faisalabad.

Duration Of Study: Six month after the approval of synopsis, August 16, 2018 to February 16, 2019

Study Design: Cross Sectional Study

Subjects & Methods: Total 295 neonates born to diabetic mothers diagnosed presenting in neonatal unit were enrolled in study. Chest X-ray, electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography were done to identify CHDs.

Results: Total 292 infants born to diabetic mother were selected. Mean age of the patients was 10.1±5.9 days. Of total, 189 (64.7%) were males and 103 (35.3%) were females. Out of 292 infants of diabetic mothers, 138(47.3%) were having various (CHD) and remaining 48(47.5%) were found normal after echocardiography

Conclusion: The cardiovascular system along with other systems of the body of neonates is affected in about 50% of the neonates born to diabetic mothers. Early diagnosis of CHD using a screening echocardiography is recommended to morbidity and mortality.

Key Words: Congenital heart diseases, Diabetic mothers, pre-gestational di­abetes mellitus, Gestational diabetes mellitus.