Quality of Work Life as a Mediating Variable of the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Study on Teaching Hospitals in Egypt

The objective of the research is to investigate the significant mediating role of Quality of Work Life (QWL) in the relationship between Spiritual Leadership (SL) and the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. The research community consists of all employees at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. Due to time and cost constraints, the researcher relied on the sampling method to collect data for the study. The appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The research has reached a number of results; the most important of which are (1) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL (vision, hope / faith, altruism love, the meaning/significance of work, membership, organizational commitment and productivity) and QWL. The multiple regression model showed that there is an impact of SL on QWL; (2) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL and OCB. The multi regression model showed that SL influences OCB. (3) There is a statistically significant relationship between QWL (wage justice, hospital working conditions, promotion opportunities, adherence to hospital principles, hospital staff development, hospital integration, college, and social responsibility) and OCB. The multiple regression model showed that there is an impact of QWL on OCB and (4) QWL plays the mediating variable between SL and OCB at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. The study referred to a number of recommendations; the most important of which are (1) re-studying and structuring of the system of wages in the hospital, (2) increasing rewards in the hospital in order to meet the low wages and be commensurate with the individual effort in the hospital, (3) providing a safe and healthy work environment for all employees in different educational hospitals, (4) showing concern for achieving the welfare of hospital staff and improving the quality of the career in terms of providing promotion opportunities and being objective in accordance with specific standards and controls, (5) initiating activation of training programs but not to specific categories, (6) promoting involvement of hospital staff in the decision-making process, in view of the nature and sensitivity of work in the hospital, which concerns the lives of citizens, (6) activating complaints and suggestions box in the hospital in a way that helps employees to express their opinions and suggestions, (7) abiding by the principles and rules governing the nature of work in the hospital for all individuals, (8) development and utilization of human capacities in the hospital, (9) highlighting the importance of achieving social integration in the hospital, (10) emphasizing the absence of a negative impact on the work life on the total life area of the personnel working in the hospital, (11) emphasizing the social responsibility of the hospital by improving the mental image of the hospital members of the community, (12) paying more attention to the staff by officials in the hospital, through the identification of their wishes and needs and trying to realize them commensurate with their objectives in order to improve the process of organizational identification