Outdoor detection and visualization of hailstorm damages of photovoltaic plants

Photovoltaic modules can experience damages of varying severity in the case of heavy hail storms. In the worst case, complete  glass and solar cell breakage results in efficiency and security losses of the affected modules which therefore have to be replaced. However, there is a strong need to inspect the remaining modules directly in the field in order to assure no hidden damage. Three  hail-affected photovoltaic plants in the south of Austria were investigated first with common standard methods like analysis of the  plant monitoring data and thermography. Then, these plants were additionally investigated by novel nondestructive methods. With  the aid of two innovative characterisation tools, outdoor electroluminescence and UV-fluorescence imaging, hail-induced damaging  of solar cells can be detected even when the solar glass of the modules withstood the mechanical impact of the hailstorm and no  damages are visible to the naked eye or well recognizable by thermography. The non-destructive, easy to handle and fast characterization technique UV-fluorescence imaging allows the detection and visualisation of hail induced cell damage.  Modules showing partial cell breakage and/or micro cracks e as proven by outdoor electroluminescence measurements e and lead  to a reduced electrical performance can be unequivocally identified.