Design Challenges in Wireless Fire Security Sensor Nodes

A design of simple hardware circuit with different kind of fire sensors enables every user to use this wireless fire security system. The challenges in designing the nodes with various types of fire sensors are discussed and the methods to overcome design problems are also analyzed. The circuit is interfaced with the different types of sensor to sense different fire sources such as gas leakage, smoke, and heat. The cost, circuit components, design requirements, power requirements of sensor node are minimized. The methods to improve the quality of system to detect fire are analyzed. The system is fully controlled by the PIC microcontroller. All the sensors and detectors are interconnected to PIC microcontroller by using various types of interface circuits. The PIC microcontroller will continuously monitor all the sensors and if it senses any security problem then the microcontroller will send the information to the PC central monitoring station wirelessly for a short distance of 300m indoor/1500m outdoor using zigbee technology. The gas sensor, light sensor, smoke detector sensor, IR sensor, temperature & humidity sensor, fire sensor are interfaced with microcontroller to detect abnormal fire conditions in the environment in all possible ways.