Study of chorioamnionitis among women with preterm birth at Ruhengeri referral hospital

Background: Chorioamnionitis is the association of microorganisms infectionin fetal membrane, placental membrane and amniotic fluid. About 2 to 4% ofchorioamnionitis occurs in full-term deliveries, but higher than this prevalencein preterm birth. Objectives: The objective of this study was to detect the mostdominant bacteria of chorioamnionitis and evaluate correlation of the presenceof microorganisms infection in placental membrane, fetal membrane and amnioticfluids in women with preterm birth. Methods: It was cross section study where20 women with preterm premature rupture of membrane, premature rupture ofmembrane or preterm birth. By caesarean section or without caesarean sectionwith a group of control of 10 women with term delivery. After deliveryimmediately the samples swab of amniotic fluid, fetal membrane and placentamembrane sample were placed in separate sterile container (swabs Stuart plastic)in the hospital, where it was stored at temperatures ranging between 8 oC-20 oC.Culture technique, gram staining and biochemical test were used to identify themicroorganisms in this study at INES-Ruhengeri Microbiology laboratory. Atthe Ruhengeri Referral Hospital and analyzed according to INES MicrobiologyLaboratory standard operating procedures. Results: in 20 women with pretermbirth, the most dominant mircoroganism was yeast 28.4% and mould 28.4%, otherinfections were caused by Escherichia coli, with 9.3%, Klebsiella species with 3.7%,Streptococcus species with 9.3%, Staphylococcus species with 9.3%, Candida albicanwith 11.7%. Those microorganisms show the association in fetal membrane,placenta membrane and amniotic fluid, of all women suspected to havechorioamnionitis. In 10 samples of control group, for women with term birth,same microorganisms were found like in fetal membrane were (Staphylococcusspecies 11%, mould 33%, and Yeast 56%), in placenta membrane were (Staphylococcusspecies 20%, mould 30%, Yeast 50%) and Amniotic fluid were (Staphylococcus species0%, mould 33%, Yeast 67%). Conclusion: Chorioamnionitis can be in women withpreterm birth or with term birth, untreated microorganism infections will causea big problem of chorioamnionitis in pregnant women this will conduct topreterm morbidity and mortality.