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Published July 15, 2018 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Energy Flexibility through the Integrated Energy Supply System in Buildings: A Case Study in Sweden

  • 1. Division of Energy Processes, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
  • 2. Division of Energy Processes, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden & School of Business, Society & Engineering, Mälardalen University, SE-72123 Västerås, Sweden
  • 3. School of Business, Society & Engineering, Mälardalen University, SE-72123 Västerås, Sweden
  • 4. Division Safety and Transport/Electronics, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-50462 Borås, Sweden

Description

The increasing penetration level of renewable energies requires more flexibility measures at the consumption side. Flexible energy prices have been placed by energy providers to promote flexibility measures from energy users. However, because of the current energy supply system in buildings, these flexible energy prices haven’t been fully taken advantage of. This study focuses on the integrated energy supply system in buildings. A Swedish office building is used as the case study. The integrated energy supply system is built by installing new components, including battery, heat pump and electrical heater, and hot water tank. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problems are solved to determine the optimal component capacities and operation profiles. The results indicate that all the studied system configurations achieve lower net present cost (NPC) than the current system. It suggests that the integrated energy supply system can take advantage of the flexible energy prices and lower the overall energy cost in the building. Among the studied configurations, the combination of air source heat pump (ASHP) and electrical heater (EH) has the lowest investment cost. This combination also has the lowest NPC except in the scenario with low borehole cost.

Files

Energy Flexibility through the Integrated Energy Supply System in Buildings (16).pdf

Additional details

Funding

TILOS – Technology Innovation for the Local Scale, Optimum Integration of Battery Energy Storage 646529
European Commission