FUZZY-CLUSTERING BASED DATA GATHERING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is spatially distributed, collection of sensor nodes for the purpose of monitoring physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a base station. The critical challenge is to minimize the energy consumption in data gathering and forwarding from sensor nodes to the sink. Cluster based data aggregation is one of the most popular communication protocols in this field. Clustering is an important procedure for extending the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks. Cluster Heads (CH) aggregate data from relevant cluster nodes and send it to the base station. A main challenge in WSNs is to select suitable CHs. Another communication protocol is based on a tree construction. In this protocol, energy consumption is low because there are short paths between the sensors. In this paper, Dynamic Fuzzy Clustering data aggregation is introduced. This approach is based on clustering and minimum spanning tree. The proposed method initially uses fuzzy decision making approach for the selection of CHs. Afterward a minimum spanning tree is constructed based on CHs. CHs are selected efficiently and accurately. The combining clustering and tree structure is reclaiming the advantages of the previous structures. Our method is compared to the well-known data aggregation methods, in terms of energy consumption and the amount of energy residuary in each sensor network lifetime. Our method decreases energy consumption of each node. When the best CHs selected and the minimum spanning tree is formed by the best CHs, the remaining energy of the nodes will be preserved. Node lifetime has an important role in WSN. Using our proposed data aggregation algorithm, survival of the network is improved.