Published December 31, 2010 | Version v1
Journal article Restricted

The osteology of Shaochilong maortuensis, a carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Asia

Description

Brusatte, Stephen L., Chure, Daniel J., Benson, Roger B. J., Xu, Xing (2010): The osteology of Shaochilong maortuensis, a carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Asia. Zootaxa 2334: 1-46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193148

Files

Restricted

The record is publicly accessible, but files are restricted to users with access.

Linked records

Additional details

References

  • Alcober, O., Sereno, P.C., Larsson, H.C.E., Martinez, R. & Varricchio, D. (1998) A Late Cretaceous carcharodontosaurid (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) from Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15 (suppl.), 16A.
  • Ali, F., Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F. & Weishampel, D.B. (2008) Homology of the 'ethmoid complex' of tyrannosaurids and its implications for the reconstruction of the olfactory apparatus of non-avian theropods. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 123-133.
  • Anderson, J.F., Hall-Martin, A. & Russell, D.A. (1985) Long-bone circumference and weight in mammals, birds and dinosaurs. Journal of Zoology, 207, 53-61.
  • Allain, R. (2002) Discovery of megalosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) in the Middle Bathonian of Normandy (France) and its implications for the phylogeny of basal Tetanurae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22, 548-563.
  • Azuma, Y. & Currie, P.J. (2000) A new carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 37, 1735-1753.
  • Bakker, R.T., Williams, M. & Currie, P.J. (1988) Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria, 1, 1-30.
  • Barrett, P.M., Hasegawa, Y., Manabe, M., Isaji, S. & Matsuoka, H. (2002) Sauropod dinosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous of eastern Asia: taxonomic and biogeographical implications. Palaeontology, 45, 1197-1217.
  • Barsbold, R. & Osmolska, H. (1999) The skull of Velociraptor (Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 44, 189-212.
  • Benson, R.B.J. (2008a) A redescription of 'Megalosaurus ' hesperis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Inferior Oolite (Bajocian, Middle Jurassic) of Dorset, United Kingdom. Zootaxa, 1931, 57-67.
  • Benson, R.B.J. (2008b) New information on Stokesosaurus, a tyrannosauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from North America and the United Kingdom. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28, 732-750.
  • Benson, R.B.J. & Xu, X. (2008) The anatomy and systematic position of the theropod dinosaur Chilantaisaurus tashuikouensis Hu, 1964 from the Early Cretaceous of Alanshan, People's Republic of China. Geological Magazine, 145, 778-789.
  • Benson, R.B.J., Carrano, M.T. & Brusatte, S.L. (2009) A new clade of archaic large-bodied predatory dinosaurs (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) that survived to the latest Mesozoic. Naturwissenschaften (published online, doi:10.1007/s00114-009-0614-x).
  • Bonaparte, J.F. (1985) A horned Cretaceous carnosaur from Patagonia. National Geographic Research, 1, 149-151.
  • Bonaparte, J.F. (1986) Les dinosaurs (carnosaures, allosaurides, sauropodes, cetiosaurides) du Jurassic moyen de Cerro Condor (Chubut, Argentina). Annales de Paleontologie, 72, 247-289.
  • Bonaparte, J.F., Novas, F.E. & Coria, R.A. (1990) Carnotaurus sastrei Bonaparte, the horned, lightly built carnosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of Patagonia. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 416, 1-41.
  • Britt, B.B. (1991) Theropods of Dry Mesa Quarry (Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic), Colorado, with emphasis on the osteology of Torvosaurus tanneri. Brigham Young University, Geology Studies, 37, 1-72.
  • Brochu, C.A. (1996) Closure of neurocentral sutures during crocodilian ontogeny: implications for assessment of maturity in fossil archosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 16, 49-62.
  • Brochu, C.A. (2003) Osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir, 7, 1-138.
  • Brusatte, S.L. & Sereno, P.C. (2007) A new species of Carcharodontosaurus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Niger and a revision of the genus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24, 902-916.
  • Brusatte, S.L. & Sereno, P.C. (2008) Phylogeny of Allosauroidea (Dinosauria: Theropoda): comparative analysis and resolution. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 6, 155-182.
  • Brusatte, S.L., Benson, R.B.J & Hutt, S. (2008) The osteology of Neovenator salerii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Wealden Group (Barremian) of the Isle of Wight. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, 162(631), 1-166.
  • Brusatte, S.L., Benson, R.B.J., Carr, T.D., Williamson, T.E. & Sereno, P.C. (2007) The systematic utility of theropod enamel wrinkles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27, 1052-1056.
  • Brusatte, S.L., Carr, T.D., Erickson, G.M., Bever, G.S. & Norell, M.A. (2009b) A long-snouted, multi-horned tyrannosaurid from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 106, 17261-17266.
  • Brusatte, S.L., Benson, R.B.J., Chure, D.J., Xu, X., Sullivan, C. & Hone, D.E.W. (2009a) The first definitive carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Asia and the delayed ascent of tyrannosaurids. Naturwissenschaften, 96, 1051-1058.
  • Buffetaut, E., Suteethorn, V. & Tong, H. (1996) The earliest known tyrannosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand. Nature, 381, 689-691.
  • Buffetaut, E., Suteethorn, V., Tong, H. & Amiot, R. (2008) An Early Cretaceous spinosaurid theropod from southern China. Geological Magazine, 145, 745-748.
  • Calvo, J.O., Porfiri, J.D., Veralli, C., Novas, F. & Poblete, F. (2004) Phylogenetic status of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii Novas based on a new specimen from Neuquen, Patagonia, Argentina. Ameghiniana, 41, 565-575.
  • Canale, J.I., Scanferla, C.A., Angolin, F.L. & Novas, F.E. (2009) New carnivorous dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of NW Patagonia and the evolution of abelisaurid theropods. Naturwissenschaften, 96, 409-414.
  • Carrano, M.T. & Sampson, S.D. (2008) The phylogeny of Ceratosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 6, 183-236.
  • Charig, A.J. & Milner, A.C. (1997) Baryonyx walkeri, a fish-eating dinosaur from the Wealden of Surrey. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum London (Geology), 53, 11-70.
  • Chatterjee, S. (1978) Indosuchus and Indosaurus, Cretaceous carnosaurs from India. Journal of Paleontology, 52, 570- 580.
  • Christiansen, P. & Farina, R.A. (2004) Mass prediction in theropod dinosaurs. Historical Biology, 16, 85-92.
  • Chure, D.J. (1998) "Chilantaisaurus" maortuensis, a large maniraptoran theropod from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Nei Mongol, PRC. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 18 (suppl.), 33A-34A.
  • Chure, D.J. (2000) A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (UT-CO) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, New York, 964 pp.
  • Chure, D.J., Manabe, M., Tanimoto, M. & Tomida, Y. (1999) An unusual theropod tooth from the Mifune Group (Late Cenomanian to Early Turonian), Kumamoto, Japan. In: Tomida, Y., Rich, T.H. & Vickers-Rich, P. (Eds.) Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium. National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo, 15, pp. 291-296.
  • Cifelli, R.L., Kirkland, J.I., Weil, A., Deino, A.L. & Kowallis, B.J. (1997) High-precision 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and the advent of North America's Late Cretaceous terrestrial fauna. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 94, 11163-11167.
  • Clark, J.M., Perle, A. & Norell, M.A. (1994) The skull of Erlicosaurus andrewsi, a Late Cretaceous "segnosaur" (Theropoda: Therezinosauridae) from Mongolia. American Museum Novitates, 3115, 1-39.
  • Coria, R.A. & Currie, P.J. (2002) The braincase of Giganotosaurus carolinii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22, 802-811.
  • Coria, R.A. & Currie, P.J. (2006) A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. Geodiversitas, 28, 71-118.
  • Coria, R.A. & Salgado, L. (1995) A new giant carnivorous dinosaur from the Cretaceous of Patagonia. Nature, 377, 224- 226.
  • Currie, P.J. (1985) Cranial anatomy of Stenonychosaurus inequalis (Saurischia, Theropoda) and its bearing on the origin of birds. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 22, 1643-1658.
  • Currie, P.J. (1995) New information on the anatomy and relationships of Dromaeosaurus albertensis (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15, 576- 591.
  • Currie, P.J. (1997) Braincase anatomy. In: Currie P.J. & and Padian, K. (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York, pp. 81-85.
  • Currie, P.J. (2000) Theropods from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. In: Benton, M.J., Shishkin, M.A., Unwin, D.M. & Kurochkin, E.N. (Eds.) The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 434-455.
  • Currie, P.J. (2003a) Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 48, 191-226.
  • Currie, P.J. (2003b) Allometric growth in tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40, 651-665.
  • Currie, P.J. & Azuma, Y. (2006) New specimens, including a growth series, of Fukuiraptor (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous Kitadani Quarry of Japan. Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea, 22, 173-193.
  • Currie, P.J. & Carpenter, K. (2000) A new specimen of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (Theropoda, Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Oklahoma, USA. Geodiversitas, 22, 207-246.
  • Currie, P.J. & Zhao, X.-J. (1993a) A new large theropod (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30, 2037-2081.
  • Currie, P.J. & Zhao, X.-J. (1993b) A new troodontid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) braincase from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30, 2231-2247.
  • Dong, Z. (1992) Dinosaurian Faunas of China. China Ocean Press, Beijing 188 pp.
  • Eddy, D.R. (2008) A re-analysis of the skull of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (NCSM 14345): implications for allosauroid morphology, phylogeny, and biogeography. Unpublished MSc Thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 180 pp.
  • Ezcurra, M.D. (2007) The cranial anatomy of the coelophysoid theropod Zupaysaurus rougieri from the Upper Triassic of Argentina. Historical Biology, 19, 185-202.
  • Franzosa, J, & Rowe, T. (2005) Cranial endocast of the Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Acrocanthosaurus atokensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25, 859-864.
  • Gauthier, J. (1986) Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds. Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 8, 1- 55.
  • Gheerbrant, E. & Rage, J.-C. (2006) Paleobiogeography of Africa: how distinct from Gondwana and Laurasia? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 241, 224-246.
  • Gower, D.J. & Weber, E. (1998) The braincase of Euparkeria, and the evolutionary relationships of birds and crocodilians. Biological Reviews, 73, 367-411.
  • Harris, J.D. (1998) A reanalysis of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, its phylogenetic status, and paleobiogeographic implications, based on a new specimen from Texas. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 13, 1-75.
  • Hocknull, S.A., White, M.A., Tischler, T.R., Cook, A.G., Calleja, N.D., Sloan, T. & Elliott, D.A. (2009) New mid- Cretaceous (latest Albian) dinosaurs from Winton, Queensland, Australia. PLoS ONE, 4(7), e6190 (doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0006190).
  • Holtz, T.R. (2000) A new phylogeny of the carnivorous dinosaurs. Gaia, 15, 5-61.
  • Holtz, T.R. (2004) Tyrannosauroidea. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H. (Eds.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 111-136.
  • Holtz, T.R., Molnar, R.E. & Currie P.J. (2004) Basal Tetanurae. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H. (Eds.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 71-110.
  • Hu, S.-Y. (1964) Carnosaurian remains from Alashan, Inner Mongolia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 8, 42-63.
  • Hutt, S., Naish, D., Martill, D.M., Barker, M.J. & Newbery, P. (2001) A preliminary account of a new tyrannosauroid theropod from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research, 22, 227-242.
  • Irmis, R.B. (2007) Axial skeleton ontogeny in the Parasuchia (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) and its implications for ontogenetic determination in archosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27, 350-361.
  • Ji, Q., Ji, S.-A. & Zhang, L.-J. (2009) First large tyrannosauroid theropod from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota in northeastern China. Geological Bulletin of China, 28, 1369-1374.
  • Kirkland, J.I., Zanno, L.E., Sampson, S.D., Clark, J.M. & DeBlieux, D.D. (2005) A primitive therizinosauroid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Utah. Nature, 435, 84-87.
  • Kobayashi, Y. & Lu, J.-C. (2003) A new ornithomimid dinosaurian with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 48, 235-259.
  • Kurzanov, S.M. (1976) Braincase structure in the carnosaur Itemirus n. gen. and some aspects of the cranial anatomy of dinosaurs. Paleontological Journal, 10, 361-369.
  • Lamanna, M.C., Martinez, R.D. & Smith, J.B. (2002) A definitive abelisaurid theropod dinosaur from the early Late Cretaceous of Patagonia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22, 58-69.
  • Li, D., Norell M.A., Gao, K., Smith, N.D. & Makovicky, P.J. (2009) A longirostrine tyrannosauroid from the Early Cretaceous of China. Proceedings of the Royal Society B (published online, doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.0249).
  • Luo, Z. (1999) A refugium for relicts. Nature, 400, 24-25.
  • Madsen, J.H. (1976) Allosaurus fragilis: a revised osteology. Utah Geological Survey Bulletin, 109, 1-163.
  • Madsen, J.H. & Welles S.P. (2000) Ceratosaurus (Dinosauria, Theropoda) a revised osteology. Utah Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Publication, 00-2, 1-80.
  • Makovicky, P.J. & Norell, M.A. (1998) A partial ornithomimid braincase from Ukhaa Tolgod (Upper Cretaceous, Mongolia). American Museum Novitates, 3247, 1-16.
  • Marsh, O.C. (1878) Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Pt. 1. American Journal of Science (Series 3), 16, 411-416.
  • Marsh, O.C. (1881) Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part V. American Journal of Science (Series 3), 21, 417-423.
  • Milner, A., Buffetaut, E. & Suteethorn, V. (2007) A tall-spined spinosaurid theropod from Thailand and the biogeography of spinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27 (suppl.), 118A.
  • Molnar, R.E. (1974) A distinctive theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaeous of Baja California (Mexico). Journal of Paleontology, 48, 1009-1017.
  • Molnar, R.E., Kurzanov, S.M. & Dong, Z. (1990) Carnosauria. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H. (Eds.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 169-209.
  • Norell, M.A. & Makovicky, P.J. (2004) Dromaeosauridae. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson , P. & Osmols ka, H. (Eds.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 196-209.
  • Norell, M.A., Makovicky, P.J. & Clark, J.M. (2004) The braincase of Velociraptor. In: Currie, P.J., Koppelhus, E.B., Shugar, M.A. & Wright, J.L. (Eds.), Feathered Dragons: Studies on the Transition from Dinosaurs to Birds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 133-143.
  • Norman, D.B. (1998) On Asian ornithopods (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). 3. A new species of iguanodontid dinosaur. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 122, 291-348.
  • Novas, F.E., de Valais, S., Vickers-Rich, P. & Rich, T. (2005) A large Cretaceous theropod from Patagonia, Argentina, and the evolution of carcharodontosaurids. Naturwissenschaften, 92, 226-230.
  • O'Connor, P.M. (2009) Evolution of archosaurian body plans: skeletal adaptations of an air-sac-based breathing apparatus in birds and other archosaurs. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 311A, 504-521.
  • Osmolska, H. (2004) Evidence on relation of brain to endocranial cavity in oviraptorid dinosaurs. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 49, 321-324.
  • Owen, R. (1842) Report on British fossil reptiles. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 11 (1841), 60-294.
  • Rauhut, O.W.M. (2003a) The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs. Special Papers in Palaeontology, 69, 1-213.
  • Rauhut, O.W.M. (2003b) A tyrannosauroid dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. Palaeontology, 46, 903-910.
  • Rauhut, O.W.M. (2004a) Braincase structure of the Middle Jurassic theropod dinosaur Piatnitzkysaurus. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 41, 1109-1122.
  • Rauhut, O.W.M. (2004b) Provenance and anatomy of Genyodectes serus, a large-toothed ceratosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Patagonia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24, 894-902.
  • Rauhut, O. & Milner, A. (2008) Cranial anatomy and systematic position of the Middle Jurassic theropod dinosaur Proceratosaurus from England. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28 (suppl.), 130A.
  • Russell, D.A. (1993) The role of Central Asia in dinosaurian biogeography. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30, 2002-2012.
  • Sadlier, R.W., Barrett, P.M. & Powell, H.P. (2008) The anatomy and systematics of Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis, a theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Oxfordshire, England. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, 627, 1-82.
  • Sampson, S.D. & Witmer, L.M. (2007) Craniofacial anatomy of Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir, 8, 32-102.
  • Seeley, H.G. (1887) On the classification of the fossil animals commonly named Dinosauria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 43, 165-171.
  • Sereno, P.C. (1999) The evolution of dinosaurs. Science, 284, 2137-2147.
  • Sereno, P.C. & Brusatte, S.L. (2008) Basal abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the Elrhaz Formation (Aptian-Albian) of Niger. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 53, 15-46.
  • Sereno, P.C., McAllister, S. & Brusatte, S.L. (2005) TaxonSearch: a relational database for suprageneric taxa and phylogenetic definitions. PhyloInformatics, 8, 1-21.
  • Sereno, P.C., Wilson, J.A. & Conrad, J.L. (2004) New dinosaurs link southern landmasses in the Mid-Cretaceous. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 271, 1325-1330.
  • Sereno, P.C., Forster, C.A., Rogers, R.R. & Monetta, A.M. (1993) Primitive dinosaur skeleton from Argentina and the early evolution of Dinosauria. Nature, 361, 64-66.
  • Sereno, P.C., Wilson, J.A., Larsson, H.C.E., Dutheil, D.B. & Sues, H.-D. (1994) Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara. Science, 266, 267-271.
  • Sereno, P.C., Martinez, R.N., Wilson, J.A., Varricchio, D.J., Alcober, O.A. & Larsson, H.C.E. (2008) Evidence for avian intrathoracic air sacs in a new predatory dinosaur from Argentina. PLoS One, 3, e3303 (doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0003303).
  • Sereno, P.C., Dutheil, D.B., Iarochene, M., Larsson, H.C.E., Lyon, G.H., Magwene, P.M., Sidor, C.A., Varricchio, D.J. & Wilson, J.A. (1996) Predatory dinosaurs from the Sahara and Late Cretaceous faunal differentiation. Science, 272, 986-991.
  • Smith, J.B. & Dodson, P. (2003) A proposal for a standard terminology of anatomical notation and orientation in fossil vertebrate dentitions. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 23, 1-12.
  • Smith, N.D., Makovicky, P.J., Hammer, W.R. & Currie, P.J. (2007) Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151, 377-421.
  • Snively, E., Henderson, D.M. & Phillips, D.S. (2006) Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 51, 435-454.
  • Stovall, J.W. & Langston, W. (1950) Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a new genus and species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist, 43, 696-728.
  • Stromer, E. (1931) Ergebnisse der Forschungsrisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wusten Agyptens. II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharije-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 10. Ein Skelett-Rest von Carcharodontosaurus nov. gen. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge, 9, 1-23.
  • Sues, H.-D. (1997) On Chirostenotes, a Late Cretaceous oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Western North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17, 698-716.
  • Sues, H.-D., Frey, E., Martill, D.M. & Scott, D.M. (2002) Irritator challengeri, a spinosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22, 535-547.
  • Taquet, P. & Welles, S.P. (1977) Redescription du crane de dinosaure de Dives Normandie. Annales de Paleontologie, 63, 191-206.
  • Upchurch, P. (1995) The evolutionary history of the sauropod dinosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 349, 365-390.
  • Upchurch, P. & Hunn, C.A. (2002) "Time": the neglected dimension in cladistic biogeography? Geobios, 35, 277-286.
  • Upchurch, P., Hunn, C.A. & Norman, D.B. (2002) An analysis of dinosaurian biogeography: evidence for the existence of vicariance and dispersal patterns caused by geological events. Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B, 269, 613-621.
  • Van Itterbeeck, J., Horne, D.J., Bulynck, P. & Vandenberghe, N. (2005) Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the dinosaur-bearing Upper Cretaceous Iren Dabasu Formation, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Cretaceous Research, 26, 699-725.
  • Wedel, M.J. (2009) Evidence for bird-like air sacs in saurischian sinosaurs. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 311A (published online, doi: 10.1002/jez.513).
  • Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H. (Eds.) (2004a) The Dinosauria (2nd Edition). University of California Press, Berkeley 880 pp..
  • Weishampel, D.B., Barrett, P.M., Coria, R.A., Le Loeuff, J., Xu, X., Zhao, X., Sahni, A., Gomani, E. & Noto, C.R. (2004b) Dinosaur distribution. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H (Eds.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 517-606.
  • Welles, S.P. (1984) Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda) osteology and comparisons. Palaeontographica Abteilung A, 185, 85-180.
  • Wilson, J.A. (1999) A nomenclature for vertebral laminae in sauropods and other saurischian dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 639-653.
  • Wilson, J.A., Sereno, P.C., Srivastava, S., Bhatt, D.K., Khosla, A. & Sahni, A. (2003) A new abelisaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Lameta Formation (Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of India. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, 31, 1-42.
  • Witmer, L.M. (1997) The evolution of the antorbital cavity of archosaurs: a study in soft-tissue reconstruction in the fossil record with analysis of the function of pneumaticity. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir, 3, 1-73.
  • Xu, X. & Norell, M.A. (2006) Non-avian dinosaur fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of western Liaoning, China. Geological Journal, 41, 419-437.
  • Xu X., Norell, M.A., Wang, X.-L., Makovicky, P.J. & Wu, X.-C. (2002) A basal troodontid from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature, 415, 780-784.
  • Xu, X., Norell, M.A., Kuang, X., Wang, X., Zhao, Q. & Jia, C. (2004) Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids. Nature, 431, 680-684.
  • Xu, X., Clark, J.M., Forster, C.A., Norell, M.A., Erickson, G.M., Eberth, D.A., Jia, C. & Zhao, Q. (2006) A basal tyrannosauroid dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China. Nature, 439, 715-718.
  • Zhao, Q., Xu, X., Jia, C. & Dong, Z. (2008) Order Saurischia. In: Li, J., Wu, X. & Zhang, F. (Eds.), The Chinese Fossil Reptiles and their Kin. Science Press, Beijing, 279-335.
  • Zhao, X.-J., Benson, R.B.J., Brusatte, S.L. & Currie, P.J. (2009) The postcranial skeleton of Monolophosaurus jiangi (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Middle Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and a review of Middle Jurassic Chinese theropods. Geological Magazine. (published online, doi:10.1017/S0016756809990240)