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Published May 8, 2025 | Version v1.0
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Directional Energy Potential (SEP) Structure of the Atom – Predictive Model without Time

Description

This paper introduces a predictive atomic model based on the TRR-NOTIME framework, which eliminates time as a fundamental quantity and instead defines physical structure through directional energy potential (SEP). Unlike classical atomic theories that rely on temporal dynamics and probabilistic distributions, this model posits atoms as coherent spatial configurations of SEP vectors. Real-world observable effects such as frequency transitions (e.g., 9.192631770 GHz in Cs-133 or the Lyman-alpha line in hydrogen) are reinterpreted as the result of spatial SEP periodicity. Axiom 7 is introduced to assert that observed atomic features correspond not to probabilities or dynamic states but to realized interaction nodes arising from SEP compatibility. These nodes are not theoretical constructs but have already been observed in various experimental forms (e.g., STM peaks, orbital maps) as stable manifestations of fully satisfied directional conditions. The model enables theoretical prediction of atomic frequencies from first principles of spatial structure, marking a fundamental shift in the causal understanding of matter.

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Related works

Is supplement to
Publication: 10.5281/zenodo.15340027 (DOI)

Dates

Accepted
2028-05-08
Finalized version prepared for publication

References

  • M. Březina, TRR-NOTIME: Theory of Relative Reality – Without Time, Zenodo, 2025. DOI: DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15340027
  • Z. Wang et al., STM Study of the Initial Stage of Gold Intercalation of Graphene on Ir(111), Crystals, vol. 9, no. 7, 2019, Art. no. 351. DOI: 10.3390/cryst9070351
  • CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2018. NIST. Available: https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/
  • R. P. Feynman et al., The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3, Addison-Wesley, 1965. (used for comparative interpretation of quantum node structure)
  • D. J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd ed., Pearson, 2005. (referenced in SEP reinterpretation of atomic structure)