Distributed wide-area control of power system oscillations under communication and actuation constraints

In this paper a distributed Model Predictive Control design is presented for inter-area oscillation damping in
power systems under two critical cyber–physical constraints — namely, communication constraints that lead to
sparsification of the underlying communication network, and actuation constraints that respect the saturation
limits of generator controllers. In the current state-of-art, distributed controllers in power systems are executed
over fixed communication topologies that are most often agnostic of the magnitude and location of the incoming
disturbance signals. This often leads to a sub-optimal closed-loop performance. In contrast, the communication
topology for the proposed controller is selected in real-time after a disturbance event based on event-specific
correlations of the generator states with the dominant oscillation modes that are excited by that event. Since
these correlations can differ from one event to another, so can the choice of the communication topology. These
correlations are used to identify the most important sets of generators that must exchange state information for
enhancing closed-loop damping of the inter-area modal frequencies. Effectiveness of this strategy is shown via
simulations on the 48-machine, 140-bus model for the Northeast Power Coordinating Council.