A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL RESEARCH TO ASSESS THE INVOLVEMENT OF BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE & CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

Objectives: We aimed to assess the biochemical and clinical characteristics and profile in the patients of diabetic ketoacidosis

Material and methods: We completed this cross-sectional research at Mayo Hospital, Lahore in the timeframe of February to October 2017 on a total of fifty diabetic ketoacidosis patients who met the inclusion guidelines of this particular research. We completed biochemical profile and clinical features comparison in each patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Results: In the total research sample of fifty hospitalized diabetic ketoacidosis patients Type I & II Diabetic cases were respectively 42 patients (84%) and 8 patients (16%). An average age at diagnosis was (42.9 ± 12.9) years among fifty patients with a repeated incidence of infection, other factors and irregular treatment with respective proportions of 56%, 28% and 16%. Among various clinical features, the most repeated features included vomiting, acidotic breathing, abdominal pain and dehydration at the presentation. No significant variation in biochemical profile and clinical features was existing in Type I & II diabetes patients.

Conclusion: Most repeated contributing factors included insulin omission, infection or an irregular disease management by the patients; whereas, among various repeated clinical features we observed vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, tachycardia and acidotic breathing. We further conclude, no significant variation in biochemical profile and clinical features was existing in Type I & II diabetes patients.

Keywords: Biochemical Profile, Clinical Features, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Precipitating Factors, Type I & II Diabetes Mellitus and Mortality Predictors.