Description

Methods (English)

Consent

Before the study, parents were informed about the research project and the study through the home liaison diary. They were aware that they could opt out their children from the study. Similarly, each child / adolescent could signal their refusal or opt out himself / herself at any time (i.e. before, during and after the class intervention) simply by indicating it to the research team.

These data were collected during the European Family farming, lifestyle and health in the Pacific (FALAH) project. The project was first approved by the consultative Ethics committee of New Caledonia (2018-06 001 and 2023-10 012) and the Vanuatu Ministry Of Education and Training. The targeted schools were contacted, and the project was then proposed to the administrative (school Principal) and teaching teams for their acceptance.

Data collection

Data were collected from the 13rd June to 3rd July 2023, from 224 school-going adolescents (13 - 19 years old) during class time. In each school, four classes were chosen to respond to the anonymous questionnaire, which consisted of two parts lasting 45 to 50 minutes each and was carried out in two stages. The questionnaires are available in English and French versions.

About 30 to 40 participants (according to the number of devices available) per school were randomly selected to wear a GENEActiv accelerometer device for 5 to 7 consecutive days, or more. Consenting participants were asked the device for 7 days. When a participant refused to wear the device, another random draw was made. A total of 73 adolescents accepted to wear an accelerometer device.

Since we were not able to get data from 1 adolescent device because of device or record failure, this dataset contains 72 recordings.

Translation

Since the visited schools were either English or French, the questionnaire language was chosen according to the language spoken at the school. The questions have been translated. Answers provided by the participants from the French school have been translated according to the questionnaire in English version (see section Data collection). However, answers provided in the open questions have not been translated and were left as they were.

Participant characteristics

Age

Age in months was determined on the day of the research intervention (starting day) from the birth date. Age in years has been determined by rounding off age in months divided by 12. Then, age in years has been categorized into three categories ("Between 14 and 15 inclusive", "Between 16 and 17 inclusive" or "Greater than or equal to 18") providing Age Range.

Place of living

The place of living (rural and urban) was determined according to the school location and the criterion used by the European standard to assess the degree of urbanization [The European Union labour force survey. (2001). Methods and definitions - (Eurostat, Guidelines, Labour statistics, Survey). Accessed November 17, 2017. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/EconStatKB/KnowledgebaseArticle10230.aspx; The European Union Labour Force Survey - Methods and Definitions – 2001. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (2003)].

Ethnic community

Ethnic community was self-reported by the adolescents using a questionnaire and categorized as usually processed by the Institut de la statistique et des études économiques (ISEE: Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies) census and as recommended by the Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM: the National Institute of Health and Medical Research) report on New Caledonia [Hamelin C, Salomon C, Lert F, Vignier N. Situation Sociale et Comportements de Santé des Jeunes en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Premiers Résultats Mars 2008. Villejuif: Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Unité 687 (2008). Available online at: https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl= notice_display&id=51643 (accessed June 6, 2021)], but they could choose only one cultural group. To the question: "To which community do you feel part of?" [fr: "A quelle communauté te sens-tu appartenir ?"], the available ethnic communities were:

• Kanak or Melanesian [fr: Kanak ou mélanésienne]
• European (born in New Caledonia or in Vanuatu) [fr: Européenne (né(e) en Calédonie ou au Vanuatu)]
• European (born in France or elsewhere) [fr: Européenne métro (né(e) en France ou ailleurs)]
• Wallisian, Futunian, Tahitian (Polynesian) [fr: Wallisienne, futunienne, tahitienne (polynésienne)]
• Indonesian, Vietnamese or Asian from another country [fr: Indonésienne, vietnamienne ou asiatique d'autre origine]
• Other [fr: Autre]

Table of contents (English)

Description of the columns

Additional information

Participant ID: Participant ID for this study
Age in months: Age in months of the adolescent participant
Age in years: Age in years of the adolescent participant
Age range: Age range of the adolescent participant ("Between 14 and 15 inclusive", "Between 16 and 17 inclusive" or "Greater than or equal to 18")
Sex: Sex of the participant ("Female" or "Male")
Place of living: Place of living according to school location ("Rural" or "Urban")
School: Visited school
Class: Class of the participant
Ethnic community: Declared cultural community ("Asian", "European born in NC or Vanuatu", "European born in France or elsewhere", "Melanesian", "Polynesian" or "Other")
GENEActiv ID: ID number of the device worn by the participant
GeneActiv file: GENEActiv file (with no extension) associated with the participant
Starting Day: Starting day of data collection, i.e. first day the device is worn
Day of removal: Day of device removal, i.e. last day the device is worn

Questionnaire

The following columns are the participants' answers to the questionnaire they completed. Whether only a single choice is allowed for the question or whether this is an open question, a column contains the answers. When multiple choices are allowed for the question, a column contains the information if the choice was checked or not: "Checked" or "Unchecked". The answers to the open questions are not translated.

Food frequency questionnaire (Gwynn et al. 2011 [DOI: 10.1017/S1368980010001928]): 38 columns

• How often do you eat bread? (ex: baguette bread, marmitte bread, coconut bread, sandwich bread)
• What type of bread do you USUALLY eat?
• How often do you have butter or margarine (ex:Meadowlea) on your bread or rolls?
• How much milk (in total) do you USUALLY drink each day? (This includes all types of milk including flavoured milk and milk on cereal.)
• How many serves of vegetables do you USUALLY eat each day? (A 'serve' is a half- cup of cooked vegetables or 1 cup of salad vegetables).
• How many serves of fruit do you USUALLY eat each day? (for exemple, papaya, banana, mangue, orange, apple, etc.)
• How much water do you USUALLY drink each day? This can be plain tap water or bottled water.
• How much soft drinks  do you USUALLY drink (juce, soda, limonade, coke, etc.)?
• How often do you eat cheese?
• How often do you eat yoghurt? 
• How often do you eat breakfast cereal? (ready-made, home-made or cooked)
• How often do you eat rice?
• How often do you eat pasta?
• How often do you eat baked beans, three bean mix, lentils, split peas, or dried beans?
• How often do you eat roots and tubers (taro, yams, sweet potatoes, etc.)?
• How often do you eat red meat such as beef, lamb, goat, pork, deer?
• How often do you eat chicken?
• How often do you eat fish?
• How often do you eat eggs?
• How often do you eat canned meat ?
• How often do you eat traditional meals eaten in your family or community prepared for specific occasions?
• How often do you eat meat products such as sausages, hot dogs, ham, devon, sausage rolls, salami, meat pies, chicken nuggets or bacon?
• How often do you USUALLY have noodle soup (maggi, yum-yum etc.)?
• How often do you eat hot chips, wedges, or French fried potatoes (at home, at school when you visit friends)?
• How often do you eat potato crisps or other salty snacks (such as Twisties®, Doritos®, Corn chips )?
• How often do you have meals or snacks such as burgers, pizza, chicken, or chips from places like McDonalds, Hungry Jacks, Pizza Hut, KFC, Red Rooster or local take-away food places?
• How often do you eat confectionary (such as lollies and chocolates)?
• How often do you eat sweet foods, such as sweet biscuits, cakes?
• How many teaspoons of sugar altogether do you add to your food and drink each day? (include sugar added to tea, coffee, cereal, fruit, etc.)
• Are there any other foods that you usually eat that are not listed here?
• What are those foods ?
• Before school, how many days a week do you usually buy something to eat on the way to school?
• After school, how many days a week do you usually buy something to eat on the way home from school?
• Do you buy food or beverages before or after school? (choice=Before school)
• Do you buy food or beverages before or after school? (choice=After school)
• Do you buy food or beverages before or after school? (choice=I dont buy any food nor beverages before or after school)
• Please list the 3 most common items you buy before school.
• Please list the 3 most common items you buy after school.

Water at school: 5 columns

• Drinking tap water in my school is fine with me
• The water from my school taps could make me sick
• School water taps are generally not clean
• The water from my school taps tastes good
• My school's tap water contains unhealthy chemicals

Barriers and facilitators for physical activity (Arlinghaus et al. 2021 [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002634]): 20 columns (9 for barriers and 11 for facilitators)

• 1.I would rather watch television.
• 2. I would rather play video games or use the computer for fun.
• 3. I would rather use my phone.
• 4. Physical activity is too much work.
• 5. My friends do not like physical activity.
• 6. My friends tease me during physical activity.
• 7. There is no place near my home or my school to do physical activity (field, swimming pool, bike path...).
• 8. I don't have the equipment I need for physical activity (shoes, bike, ball,  jumping rope, ...).
• 9. There is not a safe place for physical activity.
• 1.Family members do physical activity with me.
• 2. I am on a sports team.
• 3. I play with my sibling(s).
• 4. Friends do physical activity with me.
• 5. Parent(s) encourage me to get physical activity.
• 6. Parent(s) provide transportation to get physical activity.
• 7. Parent(s) exercise.
• 8. I have fun during physical activity.
• 9. I am good at physical activity.
• 10. I know that it is good for me, and this motivates me to get physical activity.
• 11. I feel better afterwards, and this motivates me to get physical activity.

Sleep: 25 columns

• How long do you usually take to fall asleep?
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=Books)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A radio)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A TV)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A music player (CD, MP3, Ipod, ...))
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A game console (including mobile console))
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A mobile phone with no internet connection)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A mobile phone with an internet connection)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A computer with no internet connection)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A computer with an internet connection)
• If you go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=I dont do anything)
• What time do you usually fall asleep when you go to school the day after?
• What time do you usually wake up when you go to school in the morning?
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=Books)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A radio)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A TV)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A music player (CD, MP3, Ipod, ...))
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A game console (including mobile console))
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A mobile phone with no internet connection)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A mobile phone with an internet connection)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A computer with no internet connection)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=A computer with an internet connection)
• If you don't go to school the day after, when you are in your bedroom at night, you usually use... (choice=I dont do anything)
• What time do you usually fall asleep when you don't go to school the day after?
• What time do you usually wake up when you don't go to school in the morning?

Sociodemographics: 4 columns

• What is the work or activity of your father?
• What is the work or activity of your mother?
• During the week at school, you are... [External, Half border, Internal]
• Is there a garden, a vegetable garden or a field in the family (or correspondent) in which you live?

Declared gender: 1 column

• I am... [a girl, a boy]

Ethnic community membership (Phinney et al. 1992 [DOI: 10.1177/074355489272003]): 6 columns

• I spent time trying to learn more on my community group, such as its history, its traditions and customs.
• I understand the meaning of belonging to a community group.
• I understand the meaning of my community belonging and what it represents for me.
• I often did actions that helped me understand my community context.
• To know more about my community background, I often spoke to other persons (family, friends or other).
• I feel a strong attachment to my community group.

New technologies and media: 73 columns

• Do you have at least one television at home?
• How many screens (computers, tablets, mobile phones) do you have at home? 
• How many games consoles do you use at home? 
• How many of these screens and consoles are connected to the Internet? 
• Do you have a mobile phone? 
• Is this mobile phone yours or do you share it ? 
• How much time per day do you spend watching television during the school week? 
• How much time per day do you spend watching television during the weekend?
• How much time per day do you listen to the radio during the school week? 
• How much time per day do you listen to the radio during the weekend? 
• How long are you on the computer and tablet per day, during the school week? 
• Who decides how much time you spend in front of the computer and tablet during the school week ? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend in front of the computer and tablet during the school week ? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• How long are you on the computer and tablet per day, during the weekend ?
• Who decides how much time you spend in front of the computer and tablet during the weekend ? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend in front of the computer and tablet during the weekend ? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• How long are you on your mobile phone per day during the school week? 
• Who decides how much time you spend on your mobile phone during the school week? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend on your mobile phone during the school week? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• How long are you on your mobile phone per day during the weekend? 
• Who decides how much time you spend on your mobile phone during the weekend? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend on your mobile phone during the weekend? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• At what time of day do you spend the most time in front of the screens at the weekend? 
• Where do you use your computer or tablet most ? (choice=Bedroom)
• Where do you use your computer or tablet most ? (choice=Kitchen)
• Where do you use your computer or tablet most ? (choice=Living room)
• Where do you use your computer or tablet most ? (choice=Outdoor space (terrace, garden, balcony, ....))
• Where do you use your computer or tablet most ? (choice=Other)
• Where do you use your smartphone most ? (choice=Bedroom)
• Where do you use your smartphone most ? (choice=Kitchen)
• Where do you use your smartphone most ? (choice=Living room)
• Where do you use your smartphone most ? (choice=Outdoor space (terrace, garden, balcony, ....))
• Where do you use your smartphone most ? (choice=Other)
• How much time  per day do you spend playing video games during the school week? 
• Who decides how much time you spend playing video games during the school week? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend playing video games during the school week? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• How much time  per day do you spend playing video games during the weekend?
• Who decides how much time you spend playing video games during the weekend? (choice=No one, I decide for myself.)
• Who decides how much time you spend playing video games during the weekend? (choice=My parents or guardian or adult I live with.)
• Do your family encourage you to reduce your screen time?
• Which parent? (choice=Father)
• Which parent? (choice=Mother)
• Which parent? (choice=Other family member)
• How often do they encourage you?
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Searching for general information)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Discussion by email or on the digital social networks with friends or family)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Watching your social network feed)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Listening to the music)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Playing games)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Study or homeworks)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Viewing videos)
• When you are on the computer and/or tablet, what type of actions do you most often perform?   (choice=Other)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Searching for general information)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Discussion by email or on the digital social networks with friends or family)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Watching your social network feed)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Listening to the music)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Playing games)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Study or homeworks)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Viewing videos)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Telephone conversation)
• When you are on your mobile phone, what type of actions do you perform most often?   (choice=Other)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Youtube)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Tik-tok)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Facebook)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Instagram)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Snapchat)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=On streaming websites)
• On which platforms do you watch videos?   (choice=Other)
• Do you watch videos from a specific or particular youtuber, tik-toker, instagramer... ? 
• Which one do you follow? 
• Have you ever felt like buying food products by watching some youtubers, tik-tokers, instagramers...?
• Which ones?
• Did you buy them?

Digital tools and health: 47 columns

• Do you use apps, social media or websites for your health?   
• Which social media platform/site (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Tiktok, Snapchat) is your favourite to use for your health? And what do you like about it?   
• For searching health information, which app, social media or website do you use ?
• For discussing health topics with other people online, which app, social media or website do you use ?
• Have advertisements ever made you want to buy a food product?
• Which foods ?
• In which media ? (choice=Television)
• In which media ? (choice=Radio)
• In which media ? (choice=Internet)
• In which media ? (choice=Newspapers/ magazines)
• In which media ? (choice=In-city display)
• In which media ? (choice=Movie theater)
• In which media ? (choice=Other)
• Did you buy them?
• To search for information in general, which media do you use the most?
• In your daily life, do you ever look for information related to food?
• What kind of information? (choice=On the type of food)
• What kind of information? (choice=About a recipe)
• What kind of information? (choice=About health)
• What kind of information? (choice=About the shops distributing the product)
• What kind of information? (choice=Other)
• Have you ever received information on healthy eating habits?
• Who did you receive them from? (choice=Family)
• Who did you receive them from? (choice=School)
• Who did you receive them from? (choice=Medias)
• Who did you receive them from? (choice=Doctors, nurses)
• Who did you receive them from? (choice=Other)
• Have you considered them in your eating habits?
• How are your food choices guided? (choice=Guided by your parents)
• How are your food choices guided? (choice=Guided by school)
• How are your food choices guided? (choice=Guided by friends)
• How are your food choices guided? (choice=Guided by your taste in food)
• How are your food choices guided? (choice=Other)
• Do your family encourage you to eat healthily?
• When you are in front of the screens during the day (apart from meals), do you ever eat?
• Which foods ? (choice=Soft drinks)
• Which foods ? (choice=Salted or sweet biscuits)
• Which foods ? (choice=Crips)
• Which foods ? (choice=Candies)
• Which foods ? (choice=Fruit / vegetables)
• Which foods ? (choice=Other)
• Do you ever eat your meals in front of the screen?
• How many times a week?
• On which types of meals? (choice=Breakfast)
• On which types of meals? (choice=Lunch)
• On which types of meals? (choice=Collation after school)
• On which types of meals? (choice=Dinner)

Well-being (English WHO questionnaire, French WHO questionnaire, Topp et al. 2015 [DOI: 10.1159/000376585]): 5 columns

• I felt good and in a good mood
• I felt calm and peaceful
• I felt energetic and vigorous
• I woke up feeling refreshed and ready to go
• My daily life has been full of interesting things

Perception of health and weight: 2 columns

• Given your age and height, you would rather say you are... [Much too skinny, A little too skinny, About the right weight, A little too big, Much too big]
• Would you rather say you health is... [Excellent, Good, Average, Bad, Very bad]

Silhouette assessment and expectation (Peterson et al. 2003  [DOI: 10.5993/AJHB.27.4.7]): 6 columns

• Choose the value that best reflects your current appearance. (for girls)
• Choose the value that corresponds to the silhouette you would like to look like. (for girls)
• Choose the value that best reflects your current appearance. (for boys)
• Choose the value that corresponds to the silhouette you would like to look like. (for boys)
• Current silhouette (retained response)
• Expected silhouette (retained response)

Perception about biological sampling: 7 columns

• Give a saliva sample using the equipment provided
• Give some hairs
• Give a few clipped nails
• Give sweat samples using the equipment provided
• Give an urine sample (pee) using the equipment provided
• Give a blood sample
• Give a faecal material sample (poo) using the equipment provided