Global Power and Propulsion (GPPS): Montreal18 - Proceedings
Published May 7, 2018 | Version v1
Conference paper Open

Kinetics Modeling on NOx Emissions of Gas Turbine Combustors for Syngas Applications

Creators

  • 1. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University China

Description

This paper presents a kinetics study on NOx emissions of syngas gas turbine with RQL(rich-burn, quick-mix, lean-burn)combustion. The RQL combustor was simulated by a chemical reactor network (CRN) model using CHEMKIN-PRO program. The kinetic mechanism used in the simulation was developed by Zhang et al.(2017),dedicated to syngas fuel. NOx emissions of RQL combustion were systematically studied under representative gas turbine operation conditions, and results show that RQL combustion significantly reduces NOx emissions. Key parameters of RQL combustor, including airflow split and residence time split between rich and lean burn zones, were varied to investigate their effects on NOx emissions. Analyses show that airflow split is the key factor determining NOx formation.

Influences of mechanisms on NOx prediction in the RQL combustor were also investigated. The GRI-Mech 3.0mechanismwas chosen for comparison. The syngas mechanism developed by Zhang et al. predicts lower overall NOx emissions when the combustor outlet temperature is 1750K, and predicts higher overall NOx emissions when the outlet temperature is 1908K. In the rich-burn zone of the RQL combustor, the syngas mechanism predicts lowerNOx production at 1750K, and almost the same NOx production at 1908Kcompared with GRI-Mech 3.0. While in the lean-burn zone of the combustor, the syngas mechanism predicts higherNOx formation atboth1750K and 1908K.Sensitivity analyses were conducted to find major reactions that influenced the NOx prediction in each mechanisms. Results show that the dominating pathways of NO formation are not same in each mechanism. ROPs (rates of production) of these pathways were calculated to further explain the differences in predictions of each mechanism.

Files

GPPS-NA-2018-0055.pdf

Files (1.3 MB)

Name Size Download all
md5:a7b2bd09a564ffc6937a29f602b9f01a
1.3 MB Preview Download

Additional details

References

  • Correa, S. M. (1993). A review of NOx formation under gas - turbine combustion conditions. Combustion science and technology, 87(1 - 6), 329 - 362.
  • Feitelberg, A. S., & Lacey, M. A. (1998). The GE rich - quench - lean gas turbine combustor. Journal of engineering for gas turb ines and power, 120(3), 502 - 508
  • Gregory P. Smith, David M. Golden, Michael Frenklach, Nigel W. Moriarty, Boris Eiteneer, Mikhail Goldenberg, C. Thomas Bowman, Ronald K. Hanson, Soonho Song, William C. Gardiner, Jr., Vitali V. Lissianski, and Zhiwei Qin http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_mech/ , accessed 2017
  • Hao, N. T. (2014). A chemical reactor network for oxides of nitrogen emission prediction in gas turbine combustor. Journal of Thermal Science, 23(3), 279 - 284.
  • Hui X, Zhang Z, Mu K, et al. Effect of fuel dilution on the structure and pollutant emission of syngas diffusion flames[C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007: 363 - 371.
  • Ingenito, A., Agr esta, A., Andriani, R., & Gamma, F. (2014, November). RQL combustion as an effective strategy to NOX reduction in gas turbine engines. In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (pp. V001T01A061 - V001T01A061). American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • Kroniger, D., Lipperheide, M., & Wirsum, M. (2017, June). Effects of Hydrogen Fueling on NOx Emissions: A Reactor Model Approach for an Industrial Gas Turbine Combustor. In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition (pp. V04BT04A013 -V04BT04A013). American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • Li H, ElKady A, Evulet A. Effect of exhaust gas recirculation on NOx formation in premixed combustion system[C]//47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. 2009: 226.
  • McKinney, R., Cheung, A., Sowa, W., & Sepulveda, D. (2007, January). The Pratt & Whitney TALON X low emissions combustor: Revolutionary results with evolutionary technology. In 45th AIAA Aerospace Scienc es Meeting and Exhibit (p. 386).
  • Park, J., Nguyen, T. H., Joung, D., Huh, K. Y., & Lee, M. C. (2013). Prediction of NO x and CO emissions from an industrial lean - premixed gas turbine combustor using a chemical reactor network model. Energy & Fuels, 27(3), 1 643 - 1651.
  • Sahu, A. B., & Ravikrishna, R. V. (2014). A detailed numerical study of NOx kinetics in low calorific value H2/CO syngas flames. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(30), 17358 - 17370.
  • Samuelsen S. Rich burn, quick - mix, lean burn (RQL) com bustor[J]. The Gas Turbine Handbook, US Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, DOE/NETL2006 - 1230, 2006: 227 - 233.
  • Straub, D. L., Casleton, K. H., Lewis, R. E., Sidwell, T. G., Maloney, D. J., & Richards, G. A. (2005). Assessment of rich - burn, quick - mix, lean - burn trapped vortex combustor for stationary gas turbines (No. NETL - TPR - 0629). National Energy Technology Laboratory - In - house Research.
  • Zhang, Y., Mathieu, O., Petersen, E. L., Bourque, G., & Curran, H. J. ( 2017). Assessing the predictions of a NOx kinetic mechanism on recent hydrogen and syngas experimental data. Combustion and Flame, 182, 122 - 141.