ПРАГМАСЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРОМИСИВА В АГЛОЯЗЫЧНОМ ДИСКУРСЕ 16–20 ВВ.

This research is a complex analysis of pragmasemantic characteristics of the speech act of promisive in the English speaking discourse of the 16 th c. – 20 th c. Historical changes of different pragmasemantic varieties of the speech act of promisive are analyzed in this article as well as historical variations of pragmatic types of promisive . The author studies and analyzes the main tendencies of decreasing and increasing of the frequency of each pragmasemantic variety of the speech act of promisive. The speech act of promisive is considered as a variety of comissive. The speech act of promisive is such a speech act whose aim is an attempt of the speaker to convince the person he is talking to in the sincerity of his intentions The illocutive purpose of this speech act is the sincere wish of the speaker to do or not to do some action for the benefit of the speaker. Promisive synonymsare widely used in the English language. Promisive speech acts can be explicit and implicit. Performative formulas are rather frequent among explicit speech acts of promisive. The speech act of assurance, the speech act of swearing, the speech act of commitment belong to pragmasemantic varieties of the promisive. Promisive speech acts can be realized in different types of pragmatic situations. Within the time the number and frequency of performative verbs that express promise are varied. Many of the performative verbs become obsolete (are not used any more ).The pragmatic markers of promisive are the markers of this or that historical period at the same time. The usage of many promisive markers can be explained by extralinguistic factors. From the 16 th.c to the 18 th.c. there is a tendency for decreasing of the frequency of the usage of the speech act of promisive in the English- speaking discourse. And in the 19 th.c – 20 th .c there is a tendency of increasing of the frequency of the usage of the speech act of promisive.