Link between Hyperhomocysteinemia, Glycemic and Lipid Profiles, in Type 2 Diabetes in Côte d'Ivoire

The hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with the development and the accentuation of the cardiovascular complications of the type 2 diabetes. Several studies had established a link between the hyperhomocysteinemia, the dyslipidemias and the atherosclerosis. In Côte d'Ivoire, no study has explored this link. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlative link between the hyperhomocysteinemia, the glycemia and the lipid profiles. This study was realized in 200 volunteer type 2 diabetics, regularly monitored at the Diabetic Center of Abidjan. The homocysteine, the glycemia and the lipid parameters were assayed by enzymatic methods on the biochemistry automaton Cobas c-311. The present study has revealed that the hyperhomocysteinemia was strongly correlated with the duration of the type 2 diabetes (ρ = +0.999, p < 0.05). The study did not show a correlation between the hyperhomocysteinemia and the glycemia (ρ = -0.097, p < 0.05); whether during the balanced glycemia (ρ = -0.057, p > 0.05) or during the very unbalanced glycemia (≥1.26g / L) (ρ = +0.0237; p > 0.05). This could partly be explained by the effect of the clinical and nutritional treatment in our diabetics. However, when the glycemia is regulated at the state of hyperglycemia, we had observed a strong correlation between the hyperhomocysteinemia and the hyperglycemia (ρ = +0.975, p <0.05). The study did not show a correlation between the hyperhomocysteinemia and the lipids in our diabetics under anti-lipid treatment: triglycerides (ρ = -0.132, p < 0.05); total cholesterol (ρ = -0.124, p < 0.05); LDL cholesterol (ρ = -0.105, p < 0.05); HDL cholesterol (ρ = +0.107, p < 0.05). The quality of the glycemic and lipid balance and the duration of diabetes, can affect the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of the cardiovascular diseases.