Associating factors of insomnia and depression in Glaucoma: A Descriptive analysis

The role of emotional factors in glaucoma has received wide recognition by investigators and clinicians from the very beginning. Prevalence of depression in glaucoma has been estimated to be 10 to 12 percent in previous studies. Insomnia is another psychiatric co-morbidity reported with glaucoma. Both depression and insomnia in glaucoma patients may significantly affect overall quality of life in these patients adversely. The present study explores the predictive factors of insomnia and depression in patients with Glaucoma. A case-series type of observational study was carried out on 100 glaucoma cases attended at ESIC Model Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India. The PHQ -9 and ISI were used to assess depression and insomnia respectively. Data in details were collected as per pre-designed Performa. Data collected were analyzed and inferred with chi-square test. Insomnia and depression was found in 37% and 36% respectively in glaucoma cases. Insomnia and depression both were found associated with Age, Visual acuity in both the eyes and severity of glaucoma. No other studied socio-demographic and disease variables had significant association with either insomnia or depression. It was concluded that insomnia and depression are commonly found with glaucoma. Both insomnia and depression were found significantly more in older agr group, less visual acuity and sever glaucoma than their counterparts.