ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN AMONG BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED URINARY TRACT INFECTION

Objective: The current study was aimed to document antibiotic resistance pattern among bacteria isolated from patients with community acquired Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). Methods: A retrospective, time based analysis was conducted. Data was retrieved from Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Quetta city Pakistan for a period of three months. All patients that were diagnosed as positive cases of UTIs were included in the study. In addition to the demographic information, specimen of the isolated bacteria, susceptibility test and resistance pattern of various antibiotics was recorded on an information sheet. The data was analyzed by SPSS with frequencies and percentages of susceptibility and resistance to antibiotics. Results: Over a period of three months, 300 urine samples were received and analysed. Escherichia coli were the most commonly reported causative agent of UTIs (196, 65.3%) followed by Enterococus species (45, 15.0%). A total of 14 different antibiotics were used during the cultural sensitivity analysis. Co-amoxiclav had the highest resistance towards E. Coli (83.0%) followed by Co-trimoxazole (70.0%), Ceftriaxone (60.0%) and Ciprofloxacin (56.3%). Amikiacin showed highest sensitivity 0f 77% that was followed by Meropenem, Nitrofurantoin, Tazocin and Imipenem (57.0, 51.0, 41.3 and 33.0% respectively). Among intermediate acting antibiotics, Tazocin was followed by Amikacin. Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that there is increased resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics in UTIs and majority of antibiotics are becoming ineffective for empirical treatment of UTI in our population. Overuse of antibiotics should be avoided, prescribing guidelines should be followed and the choice of antibiotic in the treatment of UTI should be based on setting of acquisition.