Alzheimer's disease - etiology and pathogenesis

Wróbel Grzegorz, Zieliński Paweł, Spałek Jakub. Alzheimer's disease - etiology and pathogenesis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(12):349-355. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1139312

http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5198

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© The Authors 2017;

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This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial

use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Received: 01.12.2017. Revised: 15.12.2017. Accepted: 28.12.2017.

Alzheimer's disease - etiology and pathogenesis

Grzegorz Wróbel¹, Paweł Zieliński¹, Jakub Spałek¹

¹ Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland

Correspondence: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Al. IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland.

Tel: 413496965. E-mail: grzegorz.wrobel@ujk.edu.pl

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases of the senile age that is most prevalent in the modern world. With regard to the population of people aged 60 years, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease is estimated at 1%, while in the population of people aged 90 and over even up to 50%. This type of dementia causes serious deficits in cognitive functions. From the neuroanatomical point of view, the changes taking place in the brain are the result of the disappearance of areas within the hippocampus, additionally, as one of the key causes of this disease, the accumulation of beta-amyloid in brain tissue is considered. The consequence of many changes is the loss of neurons, aggregation of amyloid plaques and the formation of tau protein into tangles.

There are many hypotheses regarding the mechanisms and causes of the AD, but there are still many doubts about the existing health problem of older people. The aim of the study is to investigate the etiology and pathogenesis of AD in the context of the current state of knowledge and possible prognoses for the future in the light of research into this disease.

Keywords: dementia, Alzheimer's disease, etiology, pathogenesis