Hiccup as an uncommon symptom of pneumonia

Terlecka Paulina, Grzywa Celińska Anna, Emeryk Maksymiuk Justyna, Szmygin Milanowska Katarzyna, Milanowski Janusz. Hiccup as an uncommon symptom of pneumonia. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(12):111-117. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1108599

http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5108

https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/840705

 

 

 

 

 

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© The Authors 2017;

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This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial

use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Received: 10.11.2017. Revised: 15.11.2017. Accepted: 12.12.2017.

 

 

 

Hiccup as an uncommon symptom of pneumonia

 

 

Paulina Terlecka¹, Anna Grzywa-Celińska¹, Justyna Emeryk-Maksymiuk², Katarzyna Szmygin-Milanowska¹,  Janusz Milanowski¹

 

^{1 -} Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of   Lublin, Poland

 

² - Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Medical

University of Lublin, Poland

 

 

 

 

Corresponding author:

Paulina Terlecka, MD

Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology

Medical University of Lublin

20-954 Lublin, Poland

8 Jaczewskiego St.

phone number: +48817244431

fax number: +48817244823

e-mail: paulina.chwil@gmail.com

 

 

 

Abstract

Hiccup is a symptom resulting with uncontrolled contractions of the diaphragm and external intercostals muscles with inspiration and with simultaneous sudden closure of the glottis, that produces specific “hic” sound. Depending on the time of duration, hiccup can be classified as acute (up to 48h), chronic (48h to 1 month) and persistent (lasting longer than one month). The exact pathophysiology of this symptom still remains unknown, though it is well known, that short-term episodes of hiccup are mainly caused by oesophagus and stomach diseases (gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, gastro-oesophageal reflux) or alcohol consumption.

Other reasons of this phenomenon include the diseases with the stimulation of the vagus nerve or conditions with diaphragm irritation. It can be also psychogenic or resulting from central nervous system diseases.

Short term episodes of hiccup happen to every person and do not cause any concern. Chronic hiccups can lead to significant worsening of quality of life including fatigue, nutritional restrictions, dehydration, weight loss, insomnia, respiratory disorders, depression or even suicidal thoughts.

            We present an interesting case with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in a 65-year-old smoker, who was hospitalized in our Department because of pneumonia, with persistent hiccup as an additional complaint considerably deteriorating his quality of life.

           

 

Key words: hiccup, symptom, pneumonia.