ХІАЗМ ЯК МОВНОСТИЛІСТИЧНИЙ ПРИЙОМ У ВІРШОВІЙ ОПОВІДІ (на матеріалі української поезії ІІ половини – початку ХХІ століття)

Chiasmus is a bright and many-sided means of poetic syntax. Despite the fact that chiasmus as a method of expressing the text has been used since 10th-8th centuries BC and was recorded in Hebrew sacred texts, and therefore it has had a long history of research, as indicated by I. Barchyshyn, Е. Berehovska, O. Krylova, I. Parovyak and others, so far there is no single characteristic and definition of this notion. This state of affairs actualizes the study in domestic linguistics. The paper is aimed to characterize chiasmus as a stylistical and syntactic means for reviving the poetic language, to determine its varieties, as well as to find out the stylistic load of this movement figure. The implementation of the outlined purpose involves the use of descriptive, comparative, contextual-interpretation methods, as well as the method of linguistic observation. The results of the analysis of the illustrative material testify that in the Ukrainian poetry of the second half of the 20th – early 21st century the constructions of grammatical and semantic and grammatical chiasmus are actively represented. Chiastic forms do not function in isolation, but often appear in combination with such stylistic techniques as repetition, antithesis, homeoteleuton, anadiplosis, euphonic epanalepsis, and gradation. Equivalence and opposition are the basis of semantic relations in models of semantic and grammatical chiasmus. Chiasmus is a many-sided and complex figure of stylistic syntax, the use of which allows to provide a poetic tale of dynamism, to create a special intonational and semantic pattern of a verse text and to organize a peculiar rhythmic and structural order at the level of micro- and macrocontexts. The continuation of the initiated study is seen in the investigation of the interaction of the chiasmus with other stylistic figures in the organization of the language poetic space.