Levinsenia gracilis
Creators
Description
Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879)
Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879: 115.
Levinsenia gracilis.— Hartley 1981: 146; Gaston 1984: 2.51–2.53, fig. 2.52; Blake 1996: 33 –34, fig. 2.1; Hartmann-Schröder 1996: 386, fig. 183; Kirkegaard 1996: 28 –29, fig. 10; Aguirrezabalaga 2012: 241 –244, figs. 106–107.
Paraonis (Paraonis) gracilis.— Pettibone 1963: 301 –302, fig. 79 a–d.
Paraonis gracilis.— Eliason 1920: 55 –56, fig. 16; Hartman 1957; 330–331, pl. 44, figs 4–5; 1969: 74–75, figs 1–3.
Paraonis (Paraonides) gracilis.— Monro 1930: 150 –152, fig. 58.
Paraonis gracilis gracilis.— Day 1967: 566, fig. 24.4a–b.
Tauberia gracilis.— Strelzov 1973: 127 –133, figs 54–57.
Material examined. ZISP 2 /38028; Barents Sea; 69.8250°N- 46.1833°E; 77 m; 24.08.1959; one specimen (labelled as Tauberia multibranchiata). 2876 Finnmark 593; 70.0860°N – 29.0608°E; 161 m; 13.09.2003; one specimen. 3940 Askeladd Beta SA–02; 71.4750°N – 20.4476°E; 278 m; 26.06.2007; one specimen. 3940 Askeladd Beta SA–09; 71.4778°N – 20.4462°E; 274 m; 27.06.2007; one specimen. 5390 G7122/7-1; 71.05°N-22.05°E; 340 m; 08.09.2015; three specimens. 5390 E7122/4-1; 71.05°N-22.05°E; 340 m; 10.09.2015; three specimens.
Diagnosis. Antenna and secondary ciliary organs absent. Five to six prebranchial segments. Branchiae arranged in 10–15 pairs; about four times as long as wide. Modified notochaetae absent. Modified neurochaetae as long, gently curved hooks bearing a ridge on the convex edge.
Distribution. Eastern Atlantic, from Greenland (Strelzov 1973) to Portugal (Gil & Sardà 1999), including Northern Norway (Oug 2000) and several locations of the North Sea close to Norway (Hartley 1981). Barents Sea (Bilyard & Carey 1980). Western Atlantic from Western Greenland (Blake & Dean 1973) and New England (Pettibone 1963) to Caribbean (Díaz-Díaz et al. 2009) and Uruguay (Strelzov 1973). Mediterranean (Laubier & Ramos 1974). Eastern Pacific, from Oregon (Fauchald & Hancock 1981) to Panama (Aguado & López 2003); Japan (Imajima 1997). Arctic, from Jan Mayen (Bakken et al. 2010) to the Chukchi Sea (Strelzov 1973) and Canadian Arctic (Stewart et al. 1985). Antarctic (Sicinski 2004). Southern Africa (Day 1967).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- ZISP
- Event date
- 1959-08-24 , 2003-09-13 , 2007-06-26
- Family
- Paraonidae
- Genus
- Levinsenia
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Material sample ID
- ZISP 2
- Phylum
- Annelida
- Scientific name authorship
- Tauber
- Species
- gracilis
- Taxon rank
- species
- Verbatim event date
- 1959-08-24 , 2003-09-13 , 2007-06-26
- Taxonomic concept label
- Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879) sec. Sikorski, 2017
References
- Tauber, P. (1879) Annulata Danica. En kritisk revision af de i Danmark fundne Annulata Chaetognatha, Gephyrea, Balanoglossi, Discophoreae, Oligochaeta, Gymnocopa og Polychaeta. Reitzel, Kobenhavn, 144 pp.
- Hartley, J. P. (1981) The family Paraonidae (Polychaeta) in British waters: A new species and new records with a key to species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 61 (1), 133 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400045975
- Gaston, G. R. (1984) Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. In: Uebelacker, J. M. & Johnson, P. G. (Eds.), Taxonomic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Fol. 1. Barry A. Vittor & Assoc., Mobile, pp. 1 - 53. [pp 2.1 - 2.53]
- Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. In: Blake J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel. Fol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, pp. 27 - 70.
- Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1996) Annelida, Borstenwurmer, Polychaeta, 2 neubearbeitete. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 58, 1 - 648.
- Kirkegaard, S. (1996) Havborsteorme. II. Sedentaria. Danmarks Fauna, 86, 1 - 451.
- Aguirrezabalaga, F. (2012) Familia Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. In: Ramos, M. A. (Ed.), Fauna Iberica. Fol. 36. Annelida Polychaeta III. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales / CSIC, Madrid, pp. 160 - 272.
- Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. I Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin-United States National Museum, 227 (1), 1 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.227.1
- Eliason, A. (1920) Biologisch - faunistische Untersuchungen aus dem Oresund. V. Polychaeta. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift, N. F., Avdeeling 2, 16 (6), 1 - 103.
- Hartman, O. (1957) Orbiniidae, Apistobranchidae, Paraonidae and Longosomatidae. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 15, 211 - 393.
- Monro, C. C. A. (1930) Polychaete Worms. Discovery Reports, 2, 1 - 122.
- Day, J. H. (1967) A Monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Trustees of the British Museum of Natural History, London, 878 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8596
- Strelzov, V. E. (1973) Mnogoshchetinkovye Chervy Semeitsva Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 - Polychaeta Sedentaria. Akademiya Nauk SSR, Saint Petersburg, 170 pp.
- Gil, J. & Sarda, R. (1999) New records of Annelida Polychaeta for the Portuguese fauna (with comments on some already known species. Arquives do Museu Bocage, Nova Serie, 3 (10), 287 - 334.
- Oug, E. (2000) Soft-bottom macrofauna in the high-latitude ecosystem of Blasfjord, northern Norway: Species composition, community structure and temporal variability. Sarsia, 85 (1), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.2000.10414551
- Bilyard, G. R. & Carey, A. G. (1980) Zoogeography of Western Beaufort Sea-Polychaeta. Sarsia, 65, 19 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1980.10431467
- Blake, J. A & Dean, D. (1973) Polychaetous annelids collected by the R / V Hero from Baffin Island, Davis Strait, and West Greenland in 1968. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 72 (1), 31 - 39.
- Diaz-Diaz, O., Linero-Arana, I., Cardenas-Oliva, A., Vanegas-Espinosa, V. & Diaz-Perez, O. (2009) Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 (Annelida: Polychaeta) de la costa sur del Gran Caribe. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, 43 (4), 437 - 461.
- Laubier, L. & Ramos, J. (1974) Paraonidae (Polychetes sedentaires) de Mediterranee. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 113, 1097 - 1147.
- Fauchald, K. & Hancock, D. R. (1981) Deep-water polychaetes from a transect off central Oregon. Allan Hancock Foundation Monograph, 11, 1 - 73.
- Aguado, M. T. & Lopez, E. (2003) Paraonidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Pacifico, Panama) con la descripcion de una nueva especies de Aricidea Webster, 1879. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 76 (3), 363 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0716 - 078 X 2003000300002
- Imajima, M. (1997) Polychaetous annelids of Suruga Bay, Central Japan. National Science Museum Monographs, 12, 149 - 228.
- Bakken, T., Kongsrud, J. A., Oug, E., Cochrane, S. K. J., Moen, T. L. & Solbakken, B. E. B. (2010) Polychaetes from Jan Mayen (Annelida, Polychaeta). Polar Research, 29 (1), 1 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1751 - 8369.2009.00132. x
- Stewart, P. L., Pocklington, P. & Cunjak, R. A. (1985) Distribution, abundance and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates on the Canadian Shelf and Slope of Southern Davis Strait and Ungava Bay. Arctic, 38, 281 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.14430 / arctic 2147
- Sicinski, J. (2004) Polychaetes of Antarctic sublittoral in the proglacial zone (King George Island, South Shetland Islands). Polish Polar Research, 25 (1), 67 - 96.