Psolidium dorsipes Ludwig 1886
Creators
- 1. Marine Biology Section, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, 3001, Victoria, Australia (email: pmo @ bigpond. net. au)
- 2. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, MRC- 163, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington DC, 20013 - 7012, USA
Description
Psolidium dorsipes Ludwig
Figures 1c; 4b
Psolidium dorsipes Ludwig, 1886: 9–10, pl. 2, fig. 9.— Ludwig, 1892: 349.— Ludwig, 1894: 135 (passim).— Perrier, 1904: 16.— Perrier, 1905: 48, pl. 2 figs 5–15, text figs G-H.— Ekman, 1925: 112–13, text fig. 26.— Deichmann, 1941: 142–44, pl. 29 figs 1–12.— Deichmann, 1947: 336–37.— Hickman, 1962: 60.— Pawson, 1969: 38, map 3.— Pawson and Valentine, 1981: 453.— Lambert, 1996: 28–30, table 1.
Material examined. South Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, Santa Cruz, E of Grande Bay, 92 m, USNM E2177 (2 specimens); E of Cabo Virgenes, 101 m, USNM 1114251 (5); near Strait of Magellan, 66 m, 1114252 (1); Tierra del Fuego, Staten I., E40823 (2); Cape Penas, 81 m, E40824 (2); R/V William Scoresby stn 834, Cape Virgenes, 0–38 m, BM(NH) 2008.3182 (1); Scotia Sea, E of Burdwood Bank, 419–483 m, E40825 (1).
South Pacific Ocean, Chile, Strait of Magellan, 36 m, E2178 (4); Cape Froward, 82 m, USNM 1081593 (1).
Diagnosis. Psolidium species up to 17 mm long; preserved form variably with low to high profile, short to elongate oval sole; dorsal and lateral scales conspicuous, smooth, up to 1.6 mm wide; dorsal and lateral tube feet conspicuous, numerous.
Sole: outer peripheral single series of smaller tube feet; inner peripheral single to double series of larger tube feet; mid-ventral (sole) radial single to zig-zag to double series of tube feet.
Dorsal ossicles: multi-layered plates (scales) thick, 0–2 canals and 0–2 marginal indentations for tube feet per scale; intergrade with large thick knobbed plates with developing secondary layers; perforated plates with thickenings (buttons), 100–150 μ m long, 3 to many perforations; thick smooth perforated plates, 150–200 μ m long; numerous shallow cups, oval, marginally with round knobs, biggest cups knobbed on cross and rim, 2 large central and 2 smaller end perforations, cups 40–60 μ m long.
Sole ossicles: shallow cups, oval, 2 large central and 2 smaller end perforations, some imperfectly formed, variably finely knobbed on margin to thickly knobbed on margin and cross, cups 40–70 μ m long; thickly knobbed, regular, 4-holed buttons, 80-100 μ m long, some irregular, up to 150 μ m long; shallow concave perforated plates variably knobbed on surface and margin, up to 16 perforations, up to 200 μ m long.
Distribution. Argentina (E of Grande Bay), Burdwood Bank, Falkland Is; Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Strait of Magellan; 10– 483 m.
Remarks. One Psolidium dorsipes specimen (USNM 1114251) has shallow cup-shaped indentations covering the sole that appear to indicate brood-protection under the body.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- USNM
- Family
- Psolidae
- Genus
- Psolidium
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Material sample ID
- E2177, USNM 1114251 , USNM 1081593
- Order
- Dendrochirotida
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Scientific name authorship
- Ludwig
- Species
- dorsipes
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Psolidium dorsipes Ludwig, 1886 sec. O'Loughlin & Ahearn, 2008
References
- Ludwig, H. 1886. Die von G. Chierchia auf der Fahrt der Kgl. Italianische Corvette Vettor Pisani gesammelten Holothurien. Zoologische Jahrbucher 2: 1 - 36, 2 pls.
- Ludwig, H. 1892. Echinodermen. Pp. 325 - 61, pls 15 - 17 in: Dr H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs 2 (3) 3 Das System. C. F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung: Leipzig and Heidelberg. 460 pp, 17 pls.
- Ludwig, H. 1894. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the US Fish Commission steamer Albatross, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 17 (3): 1 - 183, pls 1 - 19.
- Perrier, M. R. 1904. Holothuries du cap Horn. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 1: 13 - 17.
- Perrier, R. 1905. Holothuries antarctiques du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie 1: 1 - 146, 5 pls.
- Ekman, S. 1925. Holothurien. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 1903 1 (6): 1 - 194.
- Deichmann, E. 1941. The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 - 1938. I. Dendrochirotida. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 8 (3): 61 - 194, pls 10 - 30.
- Deichmann, E. 1947. Shallow water holothurians from Carbo de Hornos and adjacent waters. Anales del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Invertebrados Marinos 8: 325 - 51.
- Hickman, V. V. 1962. Tasmanian sea-cucumbers (Holothuroidea). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 96: 49 - 72, 2 pls, 186 figs.
- Pawson, D. L. 1969. Holothuroidea. Pp. 36 - 38, 1 pl. in: V. C. Bushnell and J. W. Hedgpeth (eds), Distribution of Selected Groups of Marine Invertebrates in Waters South of 35 ºS Latitude. Antarctic Map Folio Series (II). American Geographical Society, New York.
- Pawson, D. L. and Valentine, J. F. 1981. Psolidium prostratum, new species, from off the east coast of the USA (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 94 (2): 450 - 54.
- Lambert, P. 1996. Psolidium bidiscum, a new shallow-water psolid sea cucumber (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the northeastern Pacific, previously misidentified as Psolidium bullatum Ohshima. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74: 20 - 31.
- Mortensen, T. 1925. On a small collection of echinoderms from the Antarctic Sea. Arkiv for zoologi 17 A (31): 1 - 12, 8 figs.
- Theel, H. 1886. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of HMS Challenger, Zoology 14 (39): 1 - 290, 16 pls.