Maps of the diversity and distribution of Raunkiær's life forms in European vegetation
Creators
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Midolo, Gabriele
(Contact person)1, 2, 3
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Axmanová, Irena1
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Divíšek, Jan1
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Dřevojan, Pavel1
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Lososová, Zdeňka1
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Večeřa, Martin1
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Karger, Dirk Nikolaus4
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Thuiller, Wilfried5
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Bruelheide, Helge6, 7
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Aćić, Svetlana8
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Attorre, Fabio9
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Biurrun, Idoia10
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Bonari, Gianmaria11
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Čarni, Andraž12, 13
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Chiarucci, Alessandro14
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Ćušterevska, Renata15
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Dengler, Jürgen16, 17
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Dziuba, Tetiana18
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Garbolino, Emmanuel19
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Lenoir, Jonathan20
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Marcenò, Corrado21
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Rūsiņa, Solvita22
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Šibík, Jozef23
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Škvorc, Željko24
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Stančić, Zvjezdana25
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Stanišić-Vujačić, Milica26
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Svenning, Jens-Christian27, 28
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Swacha, Grzegorz29
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Vassilev, Kiril30
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Chytrý, Milan1
- 1. Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- 2. Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy (IRET–CNR), Pisa, Italy
- 3. National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
- 4. WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- 5. Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- 6. Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
- 7. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- 8. Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- 9. Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
- 10. Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
- 11. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- 12. Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- 13. Faculty for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
- 14. BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- 15. Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
- 16. Vegetation Ecology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
- 17. Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- 18. Department of Geobotany and Ecology, M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- 19. Climpact Data Science (CDS), Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
- 20. UMR CNRS 7058 Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- 21. Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy
- 22. Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- 23. Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- 24. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- 25. Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Varaždin, Croatia
- 26. Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
- 27. Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- 28. Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- 29. Botanical Garden, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
- 30. Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Description
This repository contains raster files (TIF format) with a 50 km × 50 km resolution (over UTM grid EPSG:32633), showcasing the diversity and distribution of Raunkiær’s life forms in European vegetation. The maps are based on two key metrics: (i) the proportion (%) of species within each life form and (ii) the diversity of life forms, including richness and evenness.
To generate these maps, we averaged plot-level metric values across a comprehensive dataset comprising 546,501 vegetation plots sourced from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA; Project 163; https://euroveg.org). These plots cover diverse habitats, including 173,190 forests, 260,884 grasslands, 52,517 scrubs, and 59,910 wetlands.
The maps encompass the entire dataset, offering a visualization of the geographical distribution patterns of life forms across Europe. Additionally, we created habitat-specific maps by subsetting the dataset to explore unique patterns within each habitat type (forest, grassland, scrub, and wetland).
Furthermore, we generated additional maps based on standardised effect sizes (SES) of diversity metrics. Through 500 species identity shuffles without replacement, specific to each habitat type, we examined the deviations from random expectations. SES values outside the range of -1.96 to 1.96 indicate significantly lower or higher metric values than expected at random, respectively.
| Folder name | Description of TIF raster values |
| full.div | Mean richness and evenness of life forms across all habitat types |
| full.mean.rel.prop | Mean proportion of each life form across all habitat types |
| habitat.div | Mean richness and evenness of life forms across separate habitat types (forest, grassland, scrub, and wetland) |
| habitat.mean.rel.prop | Mean proportion of each life form across separate habitat types (forest, grassland, scrub, and wetland) |
| SES.full.div | Mean richness and evenness of life forms across all habitat types measured with standardized effect sizes (SES) |
| SES.full.mean.rel.prop | Mean proportion of each life form across all habitat types measured with standardized effect sizes (SES) |
| SES.habitat.div | Mean richness and evenness of life forms across separate habitat types (forest, grassland, scrub, and wetland) measured with standardized effect sizes (SES) |
| SES.habitat.mean.rel.prop | Mean proportion of each life form across separate habitat types (forest, grassland, scrub, and wetland) measured with standardized effect sizes (SES) |
Additional information is available in our publication:
Midolo, G., Axmanová, I., Divíšek, J., Dřevojan, P., Lososová, Z., Večeřa, M., Karger, D. N., Thuiller, W., Bruelheide, H., Aćić, S., Attorre, F., Biurrun, I., Boch, S., Bonari, G., Čarni, A., Chiarucci, A., Ćušterevska, R., Dengler, J., Dziuba, T., Garbolino, E., Jandt, U., Lenoir, J., Marcenò, C., Rūsiņa, S., Šibík, J., Škvorc, Ž., Stančić, Z., Stanišić-Vujačić, M., Svenning, J. C., Swacha, G., Vassilev, K., & Chytrý, M. (2024) Diversity and distribution of Raunkiær’s life forms in European vegetation. Journal of Vegetation Science. Accepted on the 10th of December 2023
Files
Life.form.diversity_full.zip
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(837.2 kB)
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
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2023-12-10