Anguilla anguilla
- 1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye
- 2. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
- 3. Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye
- 4. Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Türkiye
- 5. Deparment of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Description
Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) [N]—European eel; Tzlofach eyropi or europi
Taxonomy. Original description: Muraena anguilla Linnaeus, 1758: 245 [Europe, Mediterranean Sea, Baltic Sea, northeastern Atlantic (original: “in Europa; maxima in lacu Cornachio Ferrariensi”); localities include Sweden; England; Belgium; Germany; Poland; France; Ferrara and Rome, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria; no types known].—Israel synonyms: None.—Revisions: Ege (1939: 90).—Illustration: Kottelat & Freyhof (2007: 62, fig.).
Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Lortet (1883: 179) and Tristram (1884: 177) as Anguilla vulgaris, and Spicer (1931); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4).—Israel material: HUJ.
Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds.—Distribution in River Basin: 1- Western Basin, 2-Dead Sea Basin.—General distribution: Western Atlantic: larvae in Sargasso Sea and Gulf Stream; eastern Atlantic, Baltic Sea, North Sea, White Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea: European seas and adjacent watersheds, spawning and larval migration routes to and from the western Atlantic. Introduced in the Caspian Sea basin.—Distribution in Ecoregion: 436-Coastal Levant, 438- Jordan River.—Habitat: This species is catadromous and found in a range of habitats, from small streams to large rivers and lakes, and in estuaries, lagoons, and coastal waters. It also occupies open ocean areas during migrations but is rarely observed in this habitat. Under natural conditions, it only occurs in bodies of water that are connected to the sea; it is stocked elsewhere. Freshwater, brackish, marine.
Economic importance. Commercially important.
Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown.—IUCN: CR (IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, FIT, HAB, EUT, CON, COM, TOU.—Moderate sensitivity to human activities.—Keystone species.—Decline status: Decreasing.—Moderate priority for conservation action.
Remarks. This species has been stocked, unintentionlly, in the Lake of Galilee together with mugilids (Golani et al. 2008; Golani & Mires 2000).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Related works
- Is part of
- Journal article: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1 (DOI)
- Journal article: http://zenodo.org/record/10146651 (URL)
- Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFD5F3428F0F607A9566D21CFF9EBC1D (URL)
- Journal article: http://zoobank.org/62878FA8-7CC7-462C-9FBF-C9BAEF177855 (URL)
- Is source of
- https://sibils.text-analytics.ch/search/collections/plazi/03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860 (URL)
Biodiversity
- Family
- Anguillidae
- Genus
- Anguilla
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Anguilliformes
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Linnaeus
- Species
- anguilla
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) sec. Çiçek, Fricke, Sungur, Çapar & Golani, 2023
References
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata). Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542
- Ege, V. (1939) A revision of the genus Anguilla Shaw. A systematic, phylogenetic and geographical study. Dana Report, No. 16, 1 - 257, pls. 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004629585
- Kottelat, M. & Freyhof, J. (2007) Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol, xiii + 646 pp.
- Lortet, L. (1883) Etudes zoologiques sur la faune du lac de Tiberiade, suivies d'un apercu sur la faune des lacs d'Antioche et de Homs. I. Poissons et reptiles du lac de Tiberiade et de quelques autres parties de la Syrie. Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon, 3, 99 - 189, pls. 6 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / mhnly. 1883.941
- Tristram, H. B. (1884) Fauna and Flora of Palestine. The Survey of Western Palestine. London, xxii + 455 pp., xx pls.
- Spicer, I. J. (1931) Fisheries. In: Report of the Department of Agriculture and Forests for the Years 1927 - 30. Printing Office, Russian Building, Jerusalem, pp. 159 - 160.
- Goren, M. & Ortal, R. (1999) Biogeography, diversity and conservation of the inland water communities in Israel. Biological Conservation, 89, 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0006 - 3207 (98) 00127 - X
- IUCN. (2023) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Version 2022 - 2 Online. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / (accessed 12 July 2023)
- Golani, D. & Mires, D. (2000) Introduction of fishes to the freshwater system of Israel. Israel Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh, 52, 47 - 60.