S2B – Solar-to-Butanol: Bioinspired Technologies for Sustainable Fuel Production

The S2B project seeks to unlock the potential of photosynthetic microbes for the direct conversion of solar energy and CO₂ into butanol, a valuable biofuel and chemical feedstock. By integrating advanced molecular engineering, materials science, and bioprocess design, S2B transitions microbial butanol production from conventional suspension cultivation to a solid-state biocatalytic platform.

In this innovative platform, engineered thin-layer assemblies of cyanobacteria are combined with bio-based matrix materials to optimize energy and carbon flow toward butanol formation. Simultaneously, S2B enhances light management, CO₂ capture efficiency, and product recovery through a circular economy framework that links light harvesting, CO₂ utilization, and waste valorization.

The multidisciplinary S2B consortium is developing a TRL4-level prototype for continuous, long-term, and direct solar butanol production, demonstrating a new pathway for sustainable fuel generation inspired by natural photosynthesis.

This community serves as an open-access hub for sharing datasets, publications, software, protocols, and other outputs generated within the S2B project and related research on photosynthetic biocatalysis, carbon capture, and solar fuel production.

Awards

Solar to Butanol – Solar Butanol Production by Solid-state Photosynthetic Cell Factories
European Commission