During the last decade, the challenge of management and treatment of polluted soils has been addressed through phytoremediation, a gradually evolving technology with the ability to clean up a wide variety of organic and inorganic waste efficiently and inexpensively. The EU-funded Phy2Climate project aims to validate five phytoremediation pilots in selected contaminated sites with the most common soil contaminants worldwide. Subsequently, these pilots aim to produce energy crops that will eventually feed a pilot biorefinery focused on the production of four types of clean drop-in biofuels for the road and shipping transport sectors at TRL-5.