Plant biotechnology involves genetic manipulation to improve crops, contribute to sustainable agriculture, and sustain food supplies as well as to provide pharmaceutical products. While the current focus is mostly on genetic engineering, the area also comprises traditional methods of breeding, mutagenesis, classical, molecular and quantitative genetics (mapping, marker assisted selection), in vitro cultures and uses of different biological agents. Safety of genetic engineering products both for consumers and environment are also important aspects of the research. Our idea is to provide reliable knowledge on both plant biotechnology benefits and risks posed to environment, human health and economy.