Phytochemical Profiling and Anti-Lung Cancer Efficacy of Perilla frutescens Interventions

Abstract: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer potential of Perilla frutescens, a plant traditionally used in East Asian medicine. Employing a comprehensive phytochemical analysis, the study identified a diverse range of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and terpenoids, in both methanol and ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract was selected for further study due to its broader phytochemical profile. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on the A549 lung cancer cell line, revealing a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. An anti-cancer study further substantiated these findings, showing increased apoptotic indicators and reduced growth rates in the A549 cells compared to normal lung cells. The results suggest that Perilla frutescens holds promise as a potential anti-cancer agent, particularly against lung cancer, warranting further investigation.