A Bibliography of Responses to Racial Hereditarian Research

This document is associated with the article Bird, Jackson, and Winston (2023). Confronting Scientific Racism in Psychology:  Lessons from Evolutionary Biology and Genetics. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001228 

Since 2012, over 350 journal articles and books claim, either in whole or in part, that folk racial classifications are biologically meaningful categories and that racial differences in intelligence test scores, educational attainment, income, and crime partly or even primarily originate from genetic differences between those races. Some psychologists claim that the differences between White Europeans and Black Africans or African Americans are highly resistant to change, and result from evolved differences in brain size, testosterone, and reproductive strategies produced by natural selection.  We refer to this body of work as “racial hereditarian research” or RHR.

This Upload includes a bibliography of critical responses to racial hereditarian research with articles, chapters, and books which critique RHR psychology appearing since 1985. The starting year of 1985 was chosen as the year of Philippe Rushton’s first statement of his theory of racial differences in a psychology journal: