Probing Early Dust Formation in the Universe via Core-Collapsed Supernovae

Details of dust formation in the early Universe are still unknown. While AGB stars are considered primary dust producers, the first dust in the local Universe may have formed before AGB stars had time to make it. Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are expected to play an essential role in dust production since their current formation rate predominates all other types of supernovae. Only some CCSNe have occurred close enough to monitor dust formation from early to late times. In fact, simultaneous measurements of the fundamental and first overtone of CO, a dust precursor, over multiple epochs have only been achieved for SN 1987A. We present photometric and spectroscopic observations from several JWST Cycle 1 programs focused on studying dust formation in individual CCSNe from early to late times. We will discuss how Roman will provide the opportunity to conduct a sample study and compare the evolution of CO and dust in different subclasses of CCSNe.