Hylarana erythraea
Authors/Creators
Description
Hylarana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837) — Native.
Hyla erythraea Schlegel, 1837: 27, pl. 9, fig. 3. Syntypes (18): RMNH. RENA.1744 (4), 1746 (9), and 1749 from Sumatra, RMNH. RENA.4265 and MNHN 4570–4572 from Java, according to Gassó Miracle et al. (2007: 43); Bauer (2016: 93) suggested ZMB 4463 as a doubtful syntype as “Banca” not included as type locality. Type locality: “...in Java, und neuerdings von M̧ller in Sumatra…” (= Java and Sumatra), Indonesia.
Green Paddy Frog
(Figure 6G)
Singapore records.
Rana erythraea — Flower, 1896: 902–903 (Botanic Gardens; “low-lying fields up the Singapore River”; Tanglin [= TF]; Thomson Road).— Hanitsch, 1898: 8.—A.L. Butler, 1904: 198 (Botanic Gardens).—Hanitsch, 1908: 47.— Boulenger, 1912: 241.— Hanitsch, 1912b: 18.—van Kampen, 1923: 222–223.—D.S. Johnson, 1964: 28.— Inger, 1966: 183–184.—J.S. Sullivan & J.J. Sullivan, 1976: 494.—K. Lim, 1988b: 6 (MacRitchie Reservoir [MR]; Nee Soon [NSSF]).—K. Lim, 1988f: 78 (Botanic Gardens).—K. Lim, 1989a: 5 (Senoko).—K.K.P. Lim, 1989a: 56 (Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 56.—K.K.P. Lim & C.M. Yang, 1991: 224 (Botanic Gardens; Bukit Timah Rifle Range [RRNP]; Bukit Timah University Pond [NUS]; Jalan Bongkok Kechil; Jurong; Nee Soon Swamp Forest; Pasir Panjang;Peirce Reservoir; Sime Road Forest;Sungei Khatib Bongsu).—D.S. Johnson, 1992: 39.—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 1992: 32, 144.—P.K.L. Ng, 1992a: 139.—P.K.L. Ng, 1992b: 139.—Wee, 1992: 73 (Lower Peirce Reservoir Park).—E.K. Chua, 1993: 122.—L.M. Chou et al., 1994: 93.—L.M. Chou, 1995: 146.—R. Subaraj, 1995: 36 (Pulau Ubin).—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 399.—Chan-ard et al., 1999: 17.—T.M. Leong & L.M. Chou, 1999: 106–108.—T.M. Leong, 2000: 2.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim 2002.— Anonymous, 2003: 32, 93 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve).— Das & Haas, 2005: 380.—Bickford et al., 2010: 122, 123.—E.K. Chua, 2010: 101 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve).—T.M. Leong, 2011: 22.
Rana erythraeus — Harrison & Tham, 1973: 254.
Hylarana erythraea —N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 63, 158.—T.M. Leong et al., 2009: 361–364 (Singapore Zoo).—Sheridan, 2009: 583–592 (Singapore Zoo).—Al-Ghaferi et al., 2010: 548.—S.H. Chan & C. Goh, 2010: 107 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve).—Sheridan et al., 2010: 369–379 (Singapore Zoo).—Zainudin et al., 2010: 688.—L.L. Grismer, 2011a: 72.—T.M. Leong & K.K.P. Lim, 2011: 140.—P.K.L. Ng et al., 2011: 332.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 63, 159.—R. Subaraj, 2015: 19, 32, 56 (Mandai Range Forest; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]; Singapore Zoo).—S. Subaraj, 2015: 5, 6 (Mandai Range Forest; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]; Singapore Zoo).—K.K.P. Lim et al., 2016: 173 (Pulau Tekong).—S.M. Chong et al., 2018: 253.—Goldberg et al., 2017: 229.—R. Tan & M.-R. Low, 2018: 40.—H.C. Ho et al., 2019: 125 (Alexandra Woodlands).— Luong et al., 2019: 381.—H.T.W. Tan et al., 2019: 132 (Kent Ridge Park; National University of Singapore Kent Ridge Campus).—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 152, 179 (Catchment Pond [BTNR]).—Nandia & Nugraha, 2022: 26.
Remarks. Hylarana erythraea was first reported from Singapore by Flower (1896) who found it “excessively numerous” at several locations including SBG and Tanglin; however, NMW has two specimens that were collected before 1870 (NMW-3257). Butler (1903) also described H. erythraea as common at SBG, and Hanitsch (1908) stated that it and F. limnocharis are the most common frogs in Singapore. Similar to C. labialis, H. erythraea was not reported again from Singapore until 56 years later when Johnson (1964) also noted that it was a common species. For unknown reasons, nowadays the population size of H. erythraea appears to be dwindling.
Occurrence. Wide-ranging. Uncommon. This species appears to be declining in numbers.
Singapore conservation status. Least Concern.
Conservation priority. Moderate.
IUCN conservation status. Least Concern [2022].
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): BMNH 1896.6.25.72–75 (no date), BMNH 1956.1.9.13–17 (no date), ZRC.1.12460– ZRC.1.12466 (no date), ZRC.1.558 (1895); Botanic Gardens: ZRC.1.559 (Mar-1913), ZRC.1.560– ZRC. 1.579 (05-Mar-1913); Bukit Kalang [SRF]: ZRC. 1.3380 (Aug-1996); Bukit Timah Campus [NUS]: ZRC.1.2817 (1974), ZRC.1.2223– ZRC.1.2226 (09-Oct-1974); Bukit Timah Rifle Range [= Temasek Club]: ZRC.1.1323 (07-Mar-1976); Jalan Bongkok Kechil [= likely refers to Jalan Jurong Kechil]: ZRC.1.1424– ZRC.1.1425 (28-Oct-1974); Jurong: ZRC.1.1421– ZRC.1.1423 (28-Feb-1970); Lower Peirce Forest: ZRC. 1.10525 (14-Mar-2003); Mandai Orchid Garden [= MBP]: ZRC.1.12538 (23-Mar-2006), ZRC.1.12559 (11-May-2006); Nee Soon Swamp Forest: ZRC.1.1660 (Dec-1988), ZRC.1.4225– ZRC.1.4228 (Apr-1994), ZRC.1.3381 (20-Sep-1996), ZRC.1.3382 (31-Oct-1996); Peirce Reservoir: ZRC.1.1426– ZRC.1.1437 (09-Dec-1974); Sime Road Forest: ZRC.1.4416– ZRC.1.4418 (20-Apr-1994); Singapore Zoo: ZRC.1.12430 (16-Jul-2009); Mandai Lake Road: ZRC.1.13037 (06-Dec-2006), ZRC.1.13036 (02-Feb-2007), ZRC.1.13038 (16-Feb-2007), ZRC.1.13039– ZRC.1.13040 (23-Feb-2007), ZRC.1.13041– ZRC.1.13042 (12-Mar-2007); Pasir Panjang: ZRC.1.580– ZRC.1.581 (07-Aug-1931); St. George’s Road: ZRC.1.11003 (10-Apr-1927); Sungei Seletar: ZRC. 1.3379 (13-Jul-1993); Upper Thomson [TNP]: ZRC.1.12552– ZRC.1.12553 (08-May-2006).
Additional Singapore museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): FMNH, NMW, UIMNH, UMZC; Botanic Gardens: BPBM, CAS; Bukit Timah: ZMH; Nee Soon Rifle Range [= NSSF]: BPBM; University of Malaya [= NUS Bukit Timah]: BPBM.
Singapore localities. Alexandra Woodlands—Jalan Jurong Kechil—Jurong—Kent Ridge Park—Lower Peirce Forest—Lower Peirce Reservoir Park—MacRitchie Reservoir—Mandai Bird Park—Mandai Lake Road— Mandai Range Forest—National University of Singapore Bukit Timah Campus*—National University of Singapore Kent Ridge Campus—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Pasir Panjang—Peirce Reservoir (not specified)—Pulau Tekong—Pulau Ubin—Rifle Range Nature Park—Senoko—Sime Road Forest— Singapore Botanic Gardens*—Singapore River (low-lying fields)—Singapore Zoo—St. George’s Road*— Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve—Sungei Khatib Bongsu—Sungei Seletar—Tyersall Forest—Temasek Club*—Thomson Nature Park—Thomson Road.
Genus Pulchrana Dubois, 1992 (2 species)
Rana (Pulchrana) Dubois, 1992: 326 (type species: Polypedates signatus Ģnther, 1872, by original designation; gender feminine).
Notes
Files
Files
(7.7 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:0d96416972745f78c11cfe409daddb5c
|
7.7 kB | Download |
System files
(56.7 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:328fbd3f0935b1d2f4087d3ca8f757b2
|
56.7 kB | Download |
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- BMNH, ZRC , LKCNHM, NHMUK , MBP , NUS , RMNH , RMNH, MNHN , SRF , TNP , ZMB , ZRC
- Material sample ID
- RENA.1744, 1746, 1749 , RENA.4265, 4570-4572 , ZMB 4463
- Event date
- 1913-03-05 , 1927-04-10 , 1931-08-07 , 1970-02-28 , 1974-10-09 , 1974-10-28 , 1974-12-09 , 1976-03-07 , 1993-07-13 , 1994-04-20 , 1996-09-20 , 1996-10-31 , 2003-03-14 , 2006-03-23 , 2006-05-08 , 2006-05-11 , 2006-12-06 , 2007-02-02 , 2007-02-16 , 2007-02-23 , 2007-03-12 , 2009-07-16
- Verbatim event date
- 1913-03-05 , 1927-04-10 , 1931-08-07 , 1970-02-28 , 1974-10-09 , 1974-10-28 , 1974-12-09 , 1976-03-07 , 1993-07-13 , 1994-04-20 , 1996-09-20 , 1996-10-31 , 2003-03-14 , 2006-03-23 , 2006-05-08 , 2006-05-11 , 2006-12-06 , 2007-02-02 , 2007-02-16 , 2007-02-23 , 2007-03-12 , 2009-07-16
- Scientific name authorship
- Schlegel
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Order
- Anura
- Family
- Ranidae
- Genus
- Hylarana
- Species
- erythraea
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- syntype , type
- Taxonomic concept label
- Hylarana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837) sec. Figueroa, Low & Lim, 2023
References
- Gasso Miracle, M. E., van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. & Arntzen, J. W. (2007) Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zootaxa, 1482, 25 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1482.1.2
- Bauer, A. M. (2016) Southeast Asian and Australasian herpetological collections from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the Zoological Museum of Berlin. In: Das, I. & Tuen, A. A. (Eds.), Naturalists, Explorers and Field Scientists in South-East Asia and Australasia. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 15, 89 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 26161 - 4 _ 6
- Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46.
- Hanitsch, R. (1898) Annual report of the curator and librarian on the Raffles Library and Museum, for the Year Ending 31 st December, 1897. In: Straits Settlements, Annual Reports for the Year 1898. Published by Authority, Singapore, pp. 11 - 22.
- Butler, A. L. (1904) A list of the batrachians known to inhabit the Malay Peninsula, with some remarks on their habits, distribution, & c. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15 (3), 387 - 402.
- Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813
- Hanitsch, R. (1912 b) List of the Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians in the Raffles Museum, Singapore. Raffles Library and Museum, Singapore, 19 pp.
- Kampen, P. N. van (1923) The Amphibia of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. E. J. Brill, Leiden, x + 304 pp.
- Johnson, D. S. (1964) An Introduction to the Natural History of Singapore. Rayirath (Raybooks) Publications, Singapore, x + 106 pp.
- Inger, R. F. (1966) The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana: Zoology, 52, 1 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3147
- Lim, K. & Lim, F. (1988 b) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 1 (3), 49 - 51.
- Lim, K. (1988 f) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 1 (4), 77 - 78.
- Johnson, D. S. (1992) Natural History of Singapore. Revised Edition. Tynron Press, Leicestershire, ix + 142 pp.
- Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.
- Chua, E. K. (1993) Nature in Singapore, Ours to Protect. The Nature Society, Singapore, 132 pp.
- Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106.
- Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150.
- Leong, T. M. (2000) Amphibian tales. Nature Watch, 8 (4), 2 - 8.
- Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.
- Anonymous (2003) Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve - A Decade of Wetland Conservation. National Parks Board, Singapore, 98 pp.
- Das, I. & Haas, A. (2005) Sources of larval identities for amphibians from Borneo. Herpetological Review, 36 (4), 375 - 381.
- Chua, E. K. (2010) Wetlands in a City: The Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. Simply Green, Singapore, 176 pp.
- Harrison J. L. & Tham, A. K. (1973) The exploitation of animals. In: Chuang, S. H. (Ed.), Animal Life and Nature in Singapore. Singapore University Press, Singapore, pp. 251 - 259.
- Grismer, L. L. (2011 a) Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago (Peninsular Malaysia). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 239 pp.
- Lim, K. K. P., Leong, T. M. & Lim, F. L. K. (2011) The king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) in Singapore (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae). Nature in Singapore, 4, 143 - 156.
- Lim, K. K. P., Chua, M. A. H. & Lim, N. T. - L. (2016) Freshwater fishes, terrestrial herpetofauna and mammals of Pulau Tekong, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 9, 165 - 198.
- Chong, S. M., Sng, W., Yan, B. T., Wong, W. K., Siow, H. J. & Fernandez, C. J. (2018) Prevalence of chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibians, Singapore. Herpetological Review, 49 (2), 252 - 254.
- Luong, A. M., Nguyen, H. Q., Le, D., Nguyen, S. H. L. & Nguyen, T. Q. (2019) New records of amphibians (Anura: Megophryidae, Ranidae) from Dien Bien Province, Vietnam. Herpetology Notes, 12, 375 - 387.
- Butler, A. L. (1903) A list of the batrachians known to inhabit the Malay Peninsula, with some remarks on their habits and distribution. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15 (2), 193 - 205.