Evaluation of Blunt Abdominal Trauma in the Pediatric Ages.

Abstract

Introduction: Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric age. The rankings by region will be occupied by craniocerebral trauma, which will be most affected by injuries, followed by locomotor trauma and abdominal trauma, which ranks third for frequency of trauma injuries in children.

Our study aims to identify and describe the mechanisms that cause Blunt Abdominal Trauma in pediatrics, and to recognize the signs and symptoms that accompany it.

Materials & Methods: The study has a retrospective character and includes all patients with Blunt Abdominal Trauma in pediatrics who presented to the emergency department  at the University Hospital of Traumabetween January 1, 2016, and May 31, 2016. The sample in the study was selected randomly without any restrictions. Other variables included were those related to age, gender, mechanism of injury, examinations performed, and timing of treatment tactics. The level of ISS was used as a measure of the severity of injuries in severe cases with an ISS > 15.

Results: In the period under review are presented about 1,685 trauma patients, 695(41.2%) of these cases were hospitalized, which causes are; a - MVA - 598 (35.4%); b - FfH - 452 (26.8%); c - HsO - 593 (35.1%); d - GSW - 42 (2.4%) cases. Regarding gender distribution have; F - 378 (22.4%), M - 1307 (77.6%) cases, The distribution by age group is such; a - 0-16 years - 231 (13.7%), b - 15-30 years - 547 (32.4%); c - over 30 years - 867 (51.4%) cases. The mortality rate is 26 (3.7%), a satisfactory value in our conditions. Regarding hospitalized cases, have this distribution: a - TCC to 310 (44.6%); b - Locomotor trauma 230 (33%); c - Abdominal Trauma 145 (20.8%); d - ORL 10 (1.4%) cases. Regarding the pediatric age group, they account for 231 (13.7%) of the total cases presented to the hospital, and 73 (10.5%) cases of trauma were treated at the hospital. Our study involved 1685 patients; of these, 231 (13.7%) were 0-16 years, and 378 (22.4%) were female.

Conclusion: The management of abdominal pain has undergone a considerable evolution in recent years. NOM is successful in more than 90% of cases. However, this success rate depends on several factors and conditions that are tailored to the unique needs of children, who are dynamic and constantly evolving. TMAp mortality is calculated depending on the organs damaged: When you have a damaged organ such as the liver, spleen, kidney, or pancreas, it is less than 20%; If we have hollow viscus injuries, it goes over 20%; If the big vessels are included, it arrives over 50%.