Fig. 8. Sepedon (Parasepedon) ruficeps, details of immature stages: (A–H, J–O) cephalopharyngeal skeleton:(A, B) first instar larva; (C–H) second instar larva; (J–O) third instar larva. (I, P) anterior spiracle of second and third instar larva, respectively. (Q, R) puparium: dorsal (Q) and lateral (R) views. Abbreviations: ant – anterior end, At – accessory teeth, (Dc) dorsal cornua, ES – epistomal sclerite, HS – hypostomal sclerite, LS – lingual sclerite, MH – mouth hook, pa – papilla, PB – parastomal bar, post – posterior end, PS – pharyngeal sclerite, Ss – spiracular scar, VA – ventral arch, Vc – ventral cornua. Scale bars in mm.