DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS MADE FROM MIXTURE OF MICROORGANISMS

References: 1. Bradbury, E.J.; Wilkinson, S.J.; Cronin, G.M.; Walk, C.L.; Cowieson, A.J. The effect of marine calcium source on broiler leg integrity. In proceedings of the 23rd Annual Australian Poultry Science Symposium, Sydney, Australia, 19–22 February 2012; pp. 85–88. 2. Bradbury, E.J.; Wilkinson, S.J.; Cronin, G.M.; Thomson, P.; Walk, C.L.; Cowieson, A.J. Evaluation of the effect of a highly soluble calcium source in broiler diets supplemented with phytase on performance, nutrient digestibility, foot ash, mobility and leg weakness. Anim. Prod. Sci. 2017,57, 2016. [CrossRef] 3. Karimi, S.H. Effects of Red Seaweed (Palmaria palmata) Supplemented Diets Fed to Broiler Chickens Raised under Normal or Stressed Conditions. Master's Thesis, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2015. 4. 4.Qadri, S.S.N.; Biswas, A.; Mandal, A.B.; Kumawat, M.; Saxena, R.; Nasir, A.M. Production performance, immune response and carcass traits of broiler chickens fed diet incorporated with Kappaphycus alvarezii. J. Appl. Phycol. 2019,31, 753–760. [CrossRef] 5. Balasubramanian, B.; Koo, J.S.; Deun, S.K.; Park, J.H.; Recharla, N.; Park, S.; Kim, I.H. Influence of marine red seaweed supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, breast muscle meat quality, fecal consistency score, excreta microbial shedding and noxious gas emission in broilers. In Proceedings of the Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA, 23–26 July 2019. 6. Tony McDougal, https://www.poultryworld.net/health-nutrition/nutrition/the-bigger-picture-early-feed-access-to-improve-growth/ Article, 21-11-2022 7. Kazemi S.A., Ahmadi H., Karimi Torshizi M.A. Evaluating two multistrain probiotics on growth performance, intestinal morphology, lipid oxidation and ileal microflora in chickens. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 2019;103:1399–1407. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13124. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 8. Bai S.P., Wu A.M., Ding X.M., Lei Y., Bai J., Zhang K.Y., Chio J.S. Effects of probiotic-supplemented diets on growth performance and intestinal immune characteristics of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 2013;92:663–670. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02813. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 9. Broom L.J., Kogut M.H. Gut immunity: Its development and reasons and opportunities for modulation in monogastric production animals. Anim. Health Res. Rev. 2018;19:46–52. doi: 10.1017/S1466252318000026. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 10. Alizadeh M., Munyaka P., Yitbarek A., Echeverry H., Rodriguez-Lecompte J.C. Maternal antibody decay and antibody-mediated immune responses in chicken pullets fed prebiotics and synbiotics. Poult. Sci. 2017;96:58–64. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew244. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 11. Li Y., Zhang H., Chen Y.P., Yang M.X., Zhang L.L., Lu Z.X., Zhou Y.M., Wang T. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation alleviates immunological stress in lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers at early age. Poult. Sci. 2015;94:1504–1511. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev124. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 12. Mazanko M.S., Gorlov I.F., Prazdnova E.V., Makarenko M.S., Usatov A.V., Bren A.B., Chistyakov V.A., Tutelyan A.V., Komarova Z.B., Mosolova N.I., et al. Bacillus Probiotic Supplementations Improve Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Hatching of Laying Hens, and Sperm Quality of Roosters. Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins. 2018;10:367–373. doi: 10.1007/s12602-017-9369-4. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 13. Zhen W., Shao Y., Gong X., Wu Y., Geng Y., Wang Z., Guo Y. Effect of dietary Bacillus coagulans supplementation on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chickens challenged by Salmonella enteritidis. Poult. Sci. 2018;97:2654–2666. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey119. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 14. Cheng Y., Chen Y., Li X., Yang W., Wen C., Kang Y., Wang A., Zhou Y. Effects of synbiotic supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and muscular antioxidant capacity and mineral contents in broilers: Effects of synbiotic supplementation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2017;97:3699–3705. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8230. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 15. Neijat M., Shirley R.B., Barton J., Thiery P., Welsher A., Kiarie E. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis DSM29784 on hen performance, egg quality indices, and apparent retention of dietary components in laying hens from 19 to 48 weeks of age. Poult. Sci. 2019;98:5622–5635. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez324. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 16. Zaghari M., Sarani P., Hajati H. Comparison of two probiotic preparations on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, nutrient digestibility and cytokine gene expression in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 2020;48:166–175. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1754218. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]