Study of Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Hemopoietic Markers at Tertiary Care Center of Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

Background: Smoking-induced hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative stress result in impairment of hematological parameters. Contradictory evidence is found as far as the effect of smoking on blood cells and indices is concerned.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to see the effect of use of tobacco smoking on serum vitamin-B12, S.Iron, S.TIBC  and S. Ferritin level and compare it with non-smoker healthy adults.

Methodology: Total 300 patients were include in this study, in which patients ranging within age 20-40 years, they were further categorized according to use of tobacco smoking. Group A- This group consist of tobacco smoker patients between ages 20- 40 years. (n=150). Group B-This group consist of tobacco non-smoker patients between ages 20-40 years. (n=150). 10 ml blood was drawn through vein puncture. From all collected blood samples S. iron, S. TIBC, S. ferritine, S. vitamin B12 and Liver function tests were measured. All collected data were analysed statistically to calculate p value to see the difference of significance.

Results: The Mean concentration of S. Iron (mg/dL) in smoker group was  162.12 ±48.76 while that of  Non-smoker control group 143.09 ±47.86  and the difference among them found to be  highly significant. The Mean concentration of S.TIBC (mg/dL) in smoker  group was  314.08 ±82.53  while that of  Non-smoker control group 230.22 ±79.17   and the difference among them found to be  highly significant. The Mean concentration of S. Ferritin (micrograms/lit) in smoker  group was  178.38 ±50.02  while that of  Non-smoker control group 66.73 ±35.65   and the difference among them found to be  highly significant. The Mean concentration of  S. Vit. B12 (pg/mL) in smoker  group was  288.78 ±108.60  that is low as compared to non-smokers group. Non-smoker control group 459.89 ±165.77   and the difference among them found to be  highly significant

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there were low serum vitamin B12  concentrations in smokers compared with non-smokers, which might contribute to the development of vascular and cardiovascular diseases.  It may be concluded that there appears a link between smoking and alterations in hematological parameters.