SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

Skills and knowledge are the driving forces of economic growth and social development for any country. India
currently faces a severe shortage of well-trained, skilled workers. It is estimated that only 2.3 % of the workforce
in India has undergone formal skill training as compared to 68% in the UK, 75% in Germany, 52% in USA, 80%
in Japan and 96% in South Korea. Large sections of the educated workforce have little or no job skills, making
them largely unemployable. Therefore, India must focus on scaling up skill training efforts to meet the demands
of employers and drive economic growth. India’s annual skilling capacity was estimated at approximately 7
million during the period 2013-2014. Apart from meeting its own demand, India has the potential to provide a
skilled workforce to fill the expected shortfall in the ageing developed world. India is one of the youngest nations
in the world, with more than 54% of the total population below 25 years of age and over 62% of the population in
the working age group (15-59 years). The country’s population pyramid is expected to bulge across the 15–59
age groups over the next decade. This demographic advantage is predicted to last only until 2040. India therefore
has a very narrow time frame to harness its demographic dividend and to overcome its skill shortages. The
enormity of India’s skilling challenge is further aggravated by the fact that skill training efforts cut across
multiple sectors and require the involvement of diverse stakeholders such as: multiple government departments
at the centre and state levels, private training providers, educational and training institutions, employers,
industry associations, assessment and certification bodies and trainees. All these stakeholders need to align their
work together in order to achieve the target of ‘Skill India’.