FEATURES OF THE BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE HOLSTEIN COWS IN PRIMARY KETOSIS

Experimental studies were carried out on the basis of a breeding enterprise
in the Sverdlovsk region. The assessment of the extent of ketosis distribution was
carried out on the basis of data from a clinical examination of 1246 cows of the
new calving period. It has been established that 10,9% of cows show clinical signs
of ketosis. Additionally, an extended biochemical blood test was performed in 114
cows with ketosis. The group of examined animals included cows of the new calving
period of the Holstein breed of 1-3 lactations, with a milk production of more
than 7000 kg per lactation. The diagnosis was established by testing with glucometer
(WellionVet Belua). In cows with ketosis, metabolic signs of impaired protein,
lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, stressed functioning of buffer systems were
established. A decrease in the content of total protein and the amount of albumin by
4,5–27,0%, and cholesterol by 12,3–57,3% relative to the normative physiological
values was determined. Signs of hypoglycemia are recorded in 50,0% of cows with
clinical signs of ketosis. A decrease in the level of bicarbonates was found to be
less than 15,9 mmol/l in 25,0% of cows. In most cows, a tendency to increase the
activity of enzymes was recorded. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase in the
group was 103,05±13,40 U/l, creatine phosphate kinase – 440,05±418,50 U/l and
lactate dehydrogenase – 989,07±196,48 U/l.