Published August 4, 2022 | Version v1
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Open Defecation and Eutrophication in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Description

Abstract: This article discusses how poor sanitary practice (open defecation) influences the eutrophication of water bodies in the Niger Delta Region. Open defecation is a common practice amongst dweller in the region and this has a far-reaching implication on the natural quality of water of bodies in the area which serves as a primary source of water for domestic use and a mean of livelihood. Human excreta are potential sources of plant nutrients including nitrate and phosphate. Nitrate and phosphate are essential nutrients required for the growth and productivity of plants. Eutrophication is the enrichment of water bodies with nutrients induces excessive growth of macrophytes, algae, and other aquatic plants. Eutrophic nutrients are formed from urea through two chemical processes: hydrolysis and oxidation. While organic materials rich in protein or other nitrogen-rich substrate go through the processes of hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and oxidation. The increased population of seaweeds creates a hypoxic and anoxic condition in water bodies which consequently causes the death of oxygen sustained organisms. Monitoring and managing water bodies to prevent or limit eutrophication is therefore critical. A variety of management strategies have been proposed by scholars including treatment of effluents to specified limits before discharging into the water bodies and physical harvesting, application of chemicals such as algaecides and flocculants, a biological method using phytoplankton eating organisms and watershed management.

Keywords: Open Defecation, Eutrophication, Water Pollution, Niger Delta, urea, Algae Bloom.

Title: Open Defecation and Eutrophication in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Author: Uruh Ugada, Dr Yusuf Momoh

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science

ISSN 2394-7349

Vol. 9, Issue 1, March 2022 - August 2022

Page No: 31-45

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 04-August-2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6962658

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Notes

International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science, ISSN 2394-7349, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

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References

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