Synagris Latreille, 1802

(Fig. 8)

Synagris Latreille 1802: 360, genus.

Type species: “ Vespa cornuta F.” [= V. cornuta Linnaeus, 1758], by monotypy.

Eusynagris Dalla Torre 1904: 30, name for division I of Synagris Latreille in de Saussure (1852:79) and de Saussure (1863: 179), group of Synagris or genus. Type species: Vespa cornuta Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Large to very large sized “odynerine” wasps, characterized by the following combination of characters: palpal formula 3-3 (freshly hatched specimens could have more segments in maxillary palpi), labial palpi filiform, maxillary palpi flattened, vertex with a median furrow and cephalic foveae located close to each other, gena much wider than eye, posterior margin of pronotum medially truncate, scutellum furrowed in the middle, metanotum with lateral protuberances and without longitudinal carinae adjacent to disc, axillary fossa slit-like, posterolateral angles of propodeum produced in triangular depressed lobes, inferior carina of propodeum lamellar, submarginal carina of propodeum produced in a triangular lobe above propodeal valvula (except in S. cornuta and S. proserpina), prestigma two to three times as long as pterostigma, ventral margin of paramere armed with a thick spine.

Identification key to subgenera of Synagris Latreille

1. Inner margin of mandible edentate and finely crenate, outer surface of mandible without longitudinal ridges. Clypeus heartshaped with pointed or very narrow apex. Labial palpi with second and third segments fused. Frons regularly rounded. Metanotum with rounded protuberances. S1 with arched basal carina and flattened posterolateral angles. Tarsal claws with triangular basal lobe. Prestigma three times as long as pterostigma.................................... S. (Synagris) Latreille

- Inner margin of mandible dentate, outer surface of mandible with longitudinal ridges. Clypeus variable in shape, shortly or elongate pyriforme and always with a large truncate apex. Labial palpi with second and third segments separated. Frons with a raised M-shaped area. Metanotum with conical protuberances. S1 without arched carina and with raised posterolateral angles. Tarsal claws without basal lobe. Prestigma at most two times as long as pterostigma................................ 2

2. Pronotal carina regularly rounded dorsally. Mesoscutum evenly convex. S2 evenly convex in lateral view. F11 of male long and curved, reaching basal half of F8................................................... S. (Paragris) de Saussure

- Pronotal carina sinuous with a raised median portion. Mesoscutum with a raised posteromedian area. S2 bulging basally in lateral view. F11 of male short and conical, reaching apex of F8 at the most.................. S. (Hypagris) de Saussure