Cephalops Fallen 1810
Authors/Creators
- 1. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
- 2. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & willkenia @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7260 - 5760
- 3. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & jarafael @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0170 - 0514
Description
The genus Cephalops Fallén, 1810
Cephalops Fallén, 1810: 10. Type species Cephalops aeneus Fallén, 1810 (monotypy); Rafael, 1990: 353, figs 1–133; De Meyer, 1989a: 725, figs 1–149; De Meyer, 1989b: 99, figs 1–49; De Meyer, 1994: 8, figs 1–49; Rafael, 1996: 363, figs 12–17.
Pipunculus (group II); Becker, 1897: 36, 58 (partim); 1900: 226 (partim); 1921: 149 (partim); Cresson, 1911: 296 (partim); Motamedinia et al. 2021: 14 (phylogeny).
Dorilas Hardy, 1943: 54 (partim); 1950a: 13 (partim); 1959: 391; Aczél, 1952: 240 (partim).
Witella Hardy, 1950b: 41. Type species Dorylas candidulus Hardy, 1949 (original designation); synonymized by Rafael & De Meyer, 1992: 649.
Pipunculus (Pipunculus) Hardy, 1965a: 230 (partim); 1965b: 16; 1965c: 552 (partim); 1966: 6 (partim).
Pipunculus (Cephalops) Hardy, 1972: 10; 1975: 298; 1980: 484.
Diagnosis [adapted from De Meyer (1994)]. In the Neotropical Region, small to medium size species (2.3–6.2 mm). Eyes holoptic in males, dichoptic in females; ocellar setae absent. Face equal or subequal to the width of the lower part of the frons. Postpedicel with acuminate apex (rarely rounded). Scutum with inconspicuous uniserial dorsocentral setae (acrostichal setae absent). Proepisternum with fan-like setal tuft. All femora with ventral ctenidia. Hind tibia with one or more erected anterior spines on the median part, fore and mid tibiae with distinct apical spines. Wing with pterostigma, vein M 2 absent; cross-vein r-m placed at basal third of discal cell or even more basally. Abdomen broad and short with inconspicuous setae; tergite 1 with fan-like lateral setae (rarely absent). Apex of phallic guide stout, long, simple, or with lateral or dorsal lobes. Phallus usually stem-shaped, trifid, rarely with ejaculatory ducts clearly separated, most species with a reduction of the number of ejaculatory ducts to two (often covered with small teeth) or even one membranous structure. Ejaculatory apodeme usually funnel-shaped or needle-shaped (rarely mushroom-shaped, fan-shaped, tubiform or pin-shaped).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Scientific name authorship
- Fallen
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Order
- Diptera
- Family
- Pipunculidae
- Genus
- Cephalops
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Cephalops Fallen, 1810 sec. Ramos-Pastrana, Marques & Rafael, 2022
References
- Fallen, C. F. (1810) Specimen entomologicum novam Diptera disponendi methodum exhibiens. Dissetiatio, Lund, 1810, l - 26.
- Rafael, J. A. (1990) Revisao das especies neotropicais do genero Cephalops Fallen (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Acta Amazonica, 20, 353 - 390.
- De Meyer, M. (1989 b) The West-Palaearctic species of the pipunculid genera Cephalops and Beckerias (Diptera): classification, phylogeny and geographical distribution. Journal of Natural History, 23, 725 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938900770391
- De Meyer, M. (1994) Phylogenetic relationship within the Cephalopsini (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Bulletin et annales de la Socieitei royale belge d'entomologie, 130, 7 - 18.
- Rafael, J. A. (1996) Pipunculidae (Insecta: Diptera) of the Dominican Republic: New records and Description of new species. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 65, 363 - 381.
- Becker, T. (1897) Dipterologische Studien V. Pipunculidae. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42, 25 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18970420108
- Cresson, E. T. Jr. (1911) Studies in North America dipterology: Pipunculidae. Transaction of the American Entomological Society, 36, 291 - 329.
- Motamedinia, B, Skevington, J. H., Kelso, S. & Kelmahier, C. (2021) The first comprensive, multigene molecular phylogeny for big - headed flies (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 094, 1 - 19. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 094
- Hardy, D. E. (1943) A revision of Nearctic Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae). Kansas University Science Bulletin, 29 (1), 1 - 231.
- Aczel, M. (1952) Catalogo de la familia Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae) de la region Neotropical. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 237 - 251.
- Hardy, D. E. (1950 b) Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae) Exploration du Parc National Albert, Miss. G. F. de Witte (1933 - 1935), 1950, 1 - 53.
- Hardy, D. E. (1949) New Dorilaidae from the Belgian Congo. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie, 25 (39), 1 - 10.
- Rafael, J. A. & De Meyer, M. (1992) Generic classification of the family Pipunculidae (Diptera): a cladistic analysis. Journal of Natural History, 26, 637 - 658. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939200770391
- Hardy, D. E. (1965 a) The Pipunculidae of Argentina. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 19, 187 - 241.
- Hardy, D. E. (1972) Studies on Oriental Pipunculidae (Diptera). Oriental Insects Supplements, 2, 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1972.11745224
- Hardy, D. E. (1975) Pipunculidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A catalogue of Diptera of the Oriental region. Vol. 2. University of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp. 296 - 306.
- Hardy, D. E. (1980) Family Pipunculidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 483 - 487.