(CR9) Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report

Introduction:

Erythematous yellowish papules or nodules commonly characterise JXG on the head and neck¹. JXG is the most often encountered non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children². Histiocytes, foam cells, and Touton giant cells are histology markers for JXG³. The prognosis for JXG is generally favorable;spontaneous regression is the norm⁴.

Case Report/Description :

An 11-months-old boy presented with a painless nodule over his left arm and scalp for over ten months which gradually enlarged from 2 mm to 30 mm in diameter. There are multiple macro nodules over the scalp and left arm size of 30 mm x 20 mm on physical examination. They are circumscribed yellowish nodules with erythema at the surrounding margin and hyperpigmented skin. The histopathology examination noted the proliferation of histiocytes and foamy macrophages within the dermis diffusely. These histiocytes are CD68 positive. A few eosinophils infiltrated are seen and scattered multinucleated giant cells. CD1a and S100 are negative, and the features are consistent with juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Discussion/Conclusion :

This case report aims to educate health care providers and raise awareness of JXG. Early referral can avoid extreme anxiety, time-consuming, and financial burden to the guardian and patients.