Endoxocrinus (Endoxocrinus) parrae subsp. parrae
Authors/Creators
Description
Endoxocrinus (Endoxocrinus) parrae parrae [Gervais (in Guérin, 1835)]
Figures 4 c–d, 5b, 18, 19a, 20a.
Synonymy: Encrinus parrae Gervais (in Guérin, 1835): 49; Pentacrinus mülleri Oersted, 1856: 202; Pentacrinus (Neocrinus) mülleri Thomson, 1864: 7; Isocrinus parrae A.H. Clark, 1908a: 687; Endoxocrinus parrae A.H.Clark, 1908b: 151; Cenocrinus parrae Döderlein, 1912: 21; Endoxocrinus parrae Meyer et al., 1978 (pars): 424; Endoxocrinus parrae (phenotype PA) Oji, 1990a: 603, 1996: 340–341; Endoxocrinus (Endoxocrinus) mülleri var. mülleri David, 1998: 203 (unpublished data); Endoxocrinus (Endoxocrinus) mülleri Roux et al., 2002: 820.
Diagnosis
A robust subspecies of E. parrae with up to 58 smooth arms (mode 41) up to 168 mm long (mean 125 mm); arm branching strongly endotomous; number of IIIBr 2–7 (mode 3); stalk length up to 34 cm (mean 17 cm); proximalmost stalk diameter up to 7 mm (mode 5.1 mm); proximal cirri remaining rudimentary before the 5th nodal; internodal diameter and thickness weakly irregular; number of internodals per noditaxis up to 12 (mode 8–9); ratio of height to diameter of nodals 0.40–0.43; cryptosymplexies without symmorphy and frequently fused in distal stalk of large specimens; number of cirrals per cirrus up to 43 (mode 35).
Occurrence
From the northwestern Bahamas to southern Brazil, including northern and southern Cuba, northern Jamaica, eastern Yucatan Peninsula, southeastern Nicaragua and Venezuela (Aruba), at depths from 154 m to 518 (531?) m (Oji 1990a, 1996; David 1998).
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Order
- Isocrinida
- Family
- Pentacrinitidae
- Genus
- Endoxocrinus
- Species
- parrae
- Taxon rank
- subSpecies
References
- Thomson C. W. (1864) Sea lilies. The Intellectual Observer, 6, 1 - 11.
- Clark A. H. (1908 a) The crinoid genus Comatula Lamarck, with a note on the Encrinus parrae of Guerin. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 33, 1585, 683 - 688.
- Clark A. H. (1908 b) Two new crinoid genera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 21, 149 - 152.
- Doderlein L. (1912) Die gestielten Crinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftl. E rgebnisse deutsche Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valvidia " (1898 - 1899), Gustav Fisher (Ed.) Jena, 17, 1, 1 - 34.
- Oji T. (1990 a) Dimorphism and geographic distribution of two phenotypes of a west Atlantic stalked crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae (Gervais). Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, new series, 159, 603 - 606.
- Roux M., Messing C. G. & Ameziane N. (2002) Artificial keys to the genera of living stalked crinoids (Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 70, 3, 799 - 830.
- Oji T. (1996) Is predation intensity reduced with increasing depth? Evidence from the west Atlantic stalked crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae (Gervais) and implications for the Mesozoic marine revolution. Paleobiology, 22, 3: 339 - 351.