Phanolinopsis erythros Chatzimanolis, new species

(Figs. 2, 8, 14, 28–30, 43)

Type material. Holotype, here designated, male, with labels: “Guat.[emala], Chim.[altenango], 5mi. S. Acatenago, 2400m, 2.ix. [19]72, J. Helava” / “ Eugastus bicolor Shr. Smetana det. 1992” / “New genus? not Eugastus det. A. Davies” / “ Holotype Phanolinopsis erythros Chatzimanolis, des. Chatzimanolis 2017”. In the collection of CNC.

Paratype. One, male, with labels: “ Panama, Veraguas Prov., 8km W. Santa Fe, Cerro Tute, el. 3000ft, 8°30’26’’N 81°6’49’’W, 24–26.vii.1999, malaise, J.B. Woolley 99/057” / “Duplicate ex series at TAMU (3), Field Museum Nat. His.” / “? Eugastus det. Newton 2002” / “ Paratype Phanolinopsis erythros Chatzimanolis, des. Chatzimanolis 2017”. In the collection of FMNH.

Diagnosis. Phanolinopsis erythros is easily distinguished from other species of Phanolinopsis based on the bright red coloration of the head, pronotum, mesoscutellum, legs, and ventral side of the body. Additionally, the tip of the paramere in dorsal view is emarginate (flat or rounded in other species). This species obviously does not belong in Philothalpus Kraatz (the current name for Eugastus Sharp), which belongs in a different subtribe, despite the references made above on the labels (see Chatzimanolis & Ashe 2005 and Chani-Posse et al. 2017 for more details on Philothalpus).

Description. Body length 13.8–14.2mm. Head and pronotum bright red; elytra dark metallic blue-purple or blue-green. Mesoscutellum red with brown border; mouthparts, ventral surface of thorax and legs red to reddish brown; antennomeres red but antennomeres 4–11 with darker setae. Abdominal terga and sterna III–IV red; V–VII reddish brown with brown area medially; posterior 1/3 of segment VII and segment VIII orange. Head transverse, width: length ratio = 1.38. Epicranium with mainly transverse and few polygon-shaped microsculpture; with sparse micropunctures; with few large to medium-sized punctures around margin of head; and numerous medium-sized punctures in 3–4 rows from lateral margins to center and from posterior margin to center; center of epicranium impunctate. Eyes medium-sized, length of eyes / length of head ratio = 0.48, distance between eyes as wide as twice length of eye. Area between postmandibular ridge and eye (lateral side of head) wide, with transverse microsculpture; posterolateral corner of head not pointed. Antennomeres 1–11 longer than wide. Neck with micropunctures, microsculpture, and with many small punctures. Pronotum subquadrate, width: length ratio = 0.92; surface of pronotum uniformly covered with sparse micropunctures; appearing shiny. Pronotum with few large punctures around margin; disc of pronotum with four large punctures at center, each one delimiting corner of square. Elytra with large to medium-sized punctures (about 10–11 punctures / elytron width); distance punctures from almost confluent to 0.5 times width of puncture; punctures more clustered together near lateral margins. Elytra appearing shiny; with sparse polygon-shaped microsculpture. Abdominal terga with at least 3–4 rows of medium-sized punctures each. Male secondary sexual structures with sternum VIII having shallow emargination medially; sternum IX with deep U-shaped emargination medially. Females unknown. Aedeagus as in Figs. 28–30; in dorsal view paramere wide, parallel-sided, with emarginate apex; paramere shorter and narrower than median lobe; in lateral view paramere slightly concave; paramere with peg setae as in Fig. 30. Median lobe in dorsal view narrow, converging to pointed apex, with two broad teeth apically; in lateral view becoming narrower and elongate near apex.

Distribution. Known from the department of Chimaltenango in Guatemala and the province of Veraguas in Panama.

Habitat. Collected with malaise traps from elevation between 914–2400m in cloud forests. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek word ερΥΘρός (red) and refers to the coloration of the head and pronotum. The epithet is treated as a noun in apposition.