ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF THE DIGESTION PROCESS. GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOCRINE CELLS

Digestion is a complex process in which food is subjected to chemical and mechanical processing, with the formation of simpler molecules, which are then absorbed into the walls of the digestive tube. Coordination of all these processes occurs through nervous and humoral regulatory mechanisms. The role of the central nervous system in the regulation of digestion decreases with distance from the oral cavity. In the future, regulation is already carried out by the humoral mechanism. Humoral factors include extractive substances present in food, as well as gastrointestinal hormones (or enterins), which are produced by glands located directly in the gastrointestinal wall. These glands differ in their structure depending on their location in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.