A synopsis of the New World species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) with asymmetrical drupes is presented. The group consists of three species: D. alba, with two varieties, from the West Indies, D. gentryi from Mexico, and the newly described D. asymmetricarpa from Costa Rica. The new species can be distinguished from both its relatives by its longer fruiting pedicels. In addition, the new species differs from D.alba by its larger fruits, and from D. gentryi byshorter staminate pedicels and stigmas borne on styles (rather than sessile). Lectotypes are designated for D. alba var. latifolia and D. incurva.