Published September 19, 2021 | Version v1

Modeling the accretion-powered emission from polar caps of X-ray pulsars: polarization and pulse profiles

  • 1. Remeis-Observatory & ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg
  • 2. SAI MSU
  • 3. Remeis-Observatory & ECAP, FAU
  • 4. UMCP & NASA GSFC/CRESST
  • 5. SAI MSU & KFU
  • 6. UMBC & NASA GSFC/CRESST

Description

The mass-accretion at low rates onto a magnetized neutron star results in the rapid plasma deceleration by Coulomb collisions in its atmosphere at the magnetic poles. We model the X-ray emission from the polar caps by simulating the polarized radiative transfer in the highly magnetized plasma of the neutron star atmosphere. We then calculate the relativistic projection of the emission regions onto the sky of the remote observer at different phases of the rotation of the neutron star. It allows for the consistent simulation of the radiation spectrum emergent at different angles, the polarization signal, and pulse profiles. The results are in agreement with the recent NuSTAR observations of Be X-ray binaries in quiescence. We show which assumptions about the geometry of the emission regions and the magnetic field we can make based on these simulations.

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