(Fig. 14e)

Salmoneus carvachoi Anker 2007: 27.

Salmoneus ortmanni (nec Rankin, 1898). — Carvacho 1979: 453. — Christoffersen 1982: 94.

For complete synonymy see Anker (2007).

Material examined. 1 immature specimen (cl 2.0 mm, tl 5.5 mm), USNM 136099, Mexico, Caribbean coast, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Bahía Espíritu Santo, Smithsonian-Bredin Expedition St. 41-60, west side of reef east of anchorage, old, much eroded coral, 0.6–3 m (2–10 feet) depth, leg. E.L. Bousfield & A.W. Harvey, 6.IV.1960; 2 non-breeding specimens (cl 5.3 mm, tl 17 mm; cl 4.8 mm, tl 15.8), USNM 222033, Brazil, Paraíba, estuary of Rio Paraíba do Norte, Praia do Jacaré, subtidal dredge, leg. M.L. Christoffersen, R. Sassi & A.K. Nishida, 13. VI.1980.

Additional material examined by A.O. de Almeida: 1 non-breeding specimen (cl 3.9 mm, tl approx. 10.3 mm), MZUESC 1340, Brazil, Pernambuco, Paulista, Rio Timbó, 07°51'38.3"S 34°50'21.4"W, salinity 30 ppm, muddy intertidal, small dip net, leg. A.O. de Almeida & R. J.C. Paiva, 8.IV.2008.

Description. For description and figures see Anker (2007); see also Christoffersen (1982, as S. ortmanni).

Size. The USNM specimen is clearly immature; adults may reach CL 5.3 mm, TL 17 mm (present study).

Colour in life. Whitish-hyaline, with diffuse irregular bands of deep-bluish colour across carapace, and well defined, more or less broad transverse bands of deep purple-blue colour on posterior margin of each abdominal somite; antennular peduncles deep-blue with red-wine chromatophores; antennal and antennular flagella reddish; major chela whitish-hyaline with bluish tinge; walking legs mostly colourless; telson and uropods with some bluish-purplish chromatophores (Fig. 14e).

Type locality. Guadeloupe, French Antilles.

Distribution. Previous records included French Antilles (Guadeloupe) and southern Brazil (São Paulo, Paran) (Carvacho 1979; Christoffersen 1982; Anker 2007); here reported for the first time from Mexico (Yucatan Peninsula: Quintana Roo) and new localities in northeastern Brazil (Pernambuco and Paraíba).

Ecology. The present specimen was collected from an “old, much eroded coral” at a depth of 0.6–3 m, without notes on the bottom substrate. In Guadeloupe and in Brazil, S. carvachoi occurs in mangroves and estuaries, at shallow depths, although some specimens were dredged from 22 m (Christoffersen 1982).

Remarks. The USNM specimen is clearly an immature individual, but appears to have all the characteristics of S. carvachoi, including the ventrally depressed palm of the major chela and the long slender dactyli on the walking legs. See also remarks under S. wehrtmanni sp. nov.